基于COOT算法的城轨车辆车体称重调簧算法优化  

Optimization of weighing and spring adjustment algorithm for urban rail vehicle body based on COOT algorithm

作　　者：张立杰 袁晓明[2,3] 马亚磊 尹方[1,2] 李宝旺 谢平 王敬玉 ZHANG Lijie;YUAN Xiaoming;MA Yalei;YIN Fang;LI Baowang;XIE Ping;WANG Jingyu(CRRC Tangshan Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan 064000;School of Mechanical Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004;National Key Laboratory of Key Technologies for Lifting Machinery,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004)

机构地区：[1]中车唐山机车车辆有限公司,河北唐山064000 [2]燕山大学机械工程学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [3]燕山大学起重机械关键技术全国重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《电力机车与城轨车辆》2024年第4期14-20,共7页Electric Locomotives & Mass Transit Vehicles

摘　　要：现有城轨车辆车体称重调簧模型忽略了车体的非均匀弹性变形、弹簧刚度的非线性等问题。针对该问题,文章首先建立了基于最小二乘法拟合二系支撑位刚度的改进称重调簧模型,该模型相较于传统称重调簧模型更贴合车体的实际负载情况;利用改进白骨顶鸡(COOT)算法对称重调簧算法进行多目标改造和搜索机制优化,相较于模拟退火(SA)算法、粒子群优化(PSO)算法、遗传算法(GA),改进COOT算法使稳定收敛载荷偏差分别降低了3.2 N、2.1 N和7.4 N,收敛速度分别提高了3.5%、6.8%和18.0%,具有更好的精度、效率和鲁棒性;基于C#和MATLAB搭建了整套称重调簧试验系统,并进行模拟试验及实车验证,证明了改进COOT算法及称重调簧系统的准确性和稳定性。The existing weighing and spring adjustment model for urban rail vehicle body ignores the nonuniform elastic deformation of the car body and the nonlinearity of the spring stiffness.Aiming at this problem,this paper firstly establishes an improved weighing and spring adjustment model,which is based on the least square method to fit the stiffness of the secondary support.This model is more suitable for the actual load of car body than the traditional weighing and spring adjustment model.The improved COOT algorithm is used to optimize the multiobjective transformation and search mechanism of weighing and spring adjustment algorithm.Compared with the simulated annealing(SA)algorithm,particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm and genetic algorithm(GA),the improved COOT algorithm reduces the load deviation of stable convergence by 3.2 N,2.1 N and 7.4 N respectively,and the convergence speed is increased by 3.5%,6.8%and 18.0%respectively,which has better accuracy,efficiency and robustness.Based on C#and MATLAB,a complete set of weighing and spring adjustment test system is built,and the simulation test and real vehicle verification are carried out,which proves the accuracy and stability of the improved COOT algorithm and the weighing and spring adjustment system.

关 键 词：城轨车辆 车体 二系支撑位 调簧 改进COOT算法 

分 类 号：U270.32[机械工程—车辆工程]