重构中国古代文学自主知识体系  

Reconstructing the Independent Knowledge System of Ancient Chinese Literature

作　　者：过常宝[1] Guo Changbao

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学,北京100875

出　　处：《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期5-14,204,205,共12页Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition

摘　　要：中国古代的“文学”观念源自孔子的经典教育,其功能是以文传道、以文化人、以文辅政、以文抒情,承担着建构、传递精神价值和社会价值的责任。这一传统在近现代以来被人为中断,以“情绪性”“文艺性”为特征的纯文学观念代替了传统文学观念,致使传统文学功能萎缩,成为一门纯粹的知识性学科。学术界为了复兴传统文化,先后提出了建设国学、经学、中国古典学等主张和方案,但都与传统文化根基之学有一定的距离。因此,应回归古代文学传统,以语言文字为前提,以经典文献为载体,以文化传承为目标,以文学审美为特色,形成一个主体突出、层次完整、相互支撑的自主知识体系;同时,对传统文学的话语资源进行清理、提炼,在意义域设定、论题设置、阐释策略、研究者主体性的建构等方面,继承创新,形成民族特色话语方式,将古代文学重构成为一门传统文化的根基之学。The concept of“literature”in ancient China originated from Confucius classical education and was formed through a long history of cultural practice.Its functions include transmitting the way,cultivating people s morality,assisting politics,and expressing emotions.Being the foundation of traditional culture,it bears the responsibility of constructing spiritual and social values,and is supported by the social system.This tradition has been artificially interrupted since modern times,with the concept of“pure literariness”characterized by“emotionalism”and“artistic quality”replacing the traditional literary concept,and later supplemented by the theory of political reflection,in response to the ideological nature of traditional literature.The social functions of traditional literature,such as carrying and transmitting the way,social education,or personality refinement,have been discarded.Under the current academic and educational systems,the ideological,lyrical,and rhetorical aspects of ancient literature have all been given cognitive purposes:one is to understand ancient society through classical writings,and the other is to understand ancient works through Western literary theories.Ancient literature has been stripped from its historical and cultural context,thus becoming a purely academic discipline.In contemporary society,people are increasingly aware of the importance of inheriting and innovating traditional culture for the rejuvenation of the nation.The academic community has proposed the construction of national studies,Confucianism,and Chinese classical studies to revive traditional culture.“National studies”was used in the last century in the sense of“organizing the national past”and has been generalized in contemporary society and the educational sector.Confucianism is basically limited to the original Confucian classics,mainly serving Confucian ideology.Chinese classical studies,which is more comprehensive and academic than Confucianism,is influenced by Western classical studies,and m

关 键 词：古代文学 继承传统文化 自主知识体系 民族话语方式 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]