汉赋中的舞蹈及汉舞的审美意蕴  

Dance in Hanfu(Rhapsody)and the Aesthetic Connotations of Han Dynasty Dance

作　　者：尹德锦[1] Yin Dejin

机构地区：[1]四川大学艺术学院,成都610207

出　　处：《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期120-130,214,215,共13页Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition

摘　　要：汉赋作为汉代最具代表性的文体,蕴含着丰富的文化内容和鲜明的时代特征,其中有关乐舞的赋文历来被视为研究美术史和艺术现象的重要资料。汉代乐舞赋以及其他诸多同时期的文论中所见对舞蹈场景丰富而细腻的描写,侧面展现出中国历史上第一个舞蹈艺术高峰期的盛况。汉代乐舞百戏的兴盛为文学创作提供了大量生动的视听资源和丰富立体的审美视角,而文人们对舞蹈活动的参与也推动了舞蹈艺术在理论上的提升。汉代文人在赋体写作中巧妙地融入了身体动作的意象元素,以罗列、白描、夸饰、比喻等修辞手法诠释了舞蹈艺术形式的审美意蕴,抒发了舞蹈“气”与“体”的生命律动,这让处于汉代文学艺术高峰的汉赋扮演了汉代乐舞艺术传承媒介的角色。因而,我们可以从汉赋中挖掘出汉代舞蹈的审美意蕴,加深对这一传统艺术形式所表达的思想内涵的理解,进一步丰富中华传统文化遗产。As the most representative literary form of the Han Dynasty,the Hanfu(rhapsody)embodies rich cultural content and distinct characteristics of its time.Fu works that focus on music and dance have long been seen as invaluable resources for studying art history and artistic phenomena.Han Dynasty music and dance were distinguished by their unique movements,music,and costumes,exerting a profound influence on the subsequent development of dance.The detailed and vivid descriptions of dance scenes in the dance-related fu of the Han Dynasty,as well as in other contemporary literary works,highlight the first significant peak in Chinese dance history.The flourishing of musical and dance performances during the Han Dynasty provided abundant and vibrant auditory and visual material for literary creation and offered a multidimensional aesthetic perspective.The participation of literati in dance activities also contributed to the theoretical advancement of dance.The literati s records of music and dance activities during the Han Dynasty generally included upper-class banquets,the literati s active engagement in music and dance,and the accompaniment of song and dance in daily interactions among the scholarly elite.These activities correspond to different literary forms within Hanfu,such as the grand fu,the minor fu,and the sao-style fu.Grand fu,with its expansive structure and emphasis on elaborate descriptions,was well-suited for portraying the grandeur of a unified empire,often featuring courtly dances.An example is Zhang Heng s famous piece“Dongjing Fu”,a prose-style grand fu that includes a depiction of the“Eight Lines of Dancers”,showcasing the highest standard of courtly dance.In contrast,depictions of popular and recreational dances are more commonly found in minor fu.The stylistic nature of minor fu lends itself to detailed depictions of specific objects and the expression of emotions through them.For instance,Zhang Heng s“Qipan Wu Fu”vividly reconstructs the scenes of the folk dance Qipan Wu,while Cao Zhi s�

关 键 词：汉赋 舞蹈元素 文人活动 审美意蕴 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学] J709.2[艺术—舞蹈]