单细胞RNA测序技术在肺癌肿瘤微环境研究中的进展  

Advancements in Single-cell RNA Sequencing Technology in the Study of the Tumor Microenvironment in Lung Cancer

作　　者：王衍鸿 罗斌[1,2] 王卓 阙祖俊 蒋雷[4] 田建辉[1,2] Yanhong WANG;Bin LUO;Zhuo WANG;Zujun QUE;Lei JIANG;Jianhui TIAN(Clinical Oncology Center,Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 200071,China;Institute of Oncology,Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 200071,China;Institute of Biomedical Research,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;Pulmonary Hospital,Tongji University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学附属市中医医院肿瘤临床医学中心,上海200071 [2]上海中医药大学附属市中医医院肿瘤研究所,上海200071 [3]复旦大学生物医学研究院,上海200032 [4]同济大学附属上海市肺科医院,上海200433

出　　处：《中国肺癌杂志》2024年第6期441-450,共10页Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer

基　　金：上海市卫生健康领军人才项目(No.2022LJ014);上海市炎癌转化病证生物学前沿研究基地项目(No.2021科技03-12);国家自然科学基金项目(No.82174245)资助。

摘　　要：免疫微环境对肿瘤的发生发展起着关键作用。近年来,随着高通量测序技术的飞速发展,研究人员对肿瘤微环境中的免疫细胞组成及其功能有了更深入的了解。然而,传统的群体测序技术难以解析单个细胞层面的异质性,限制了对肿瘤微环境复杂性的全面理解。单细胞RNA测序技术的兴起,为揭示肺癌免疫微环境的异质性带来了新的机遇。当前以T细胞为中心的免疫治疗在临床中容易出现免疫原性耐药或者免疫相关性肺炎等影响预后的副作用,其关键因素是肿瘤微环境中免疫细胞与肿瘤细胞的相互作用发生了变化。而单细胞RNA测序技术可以从细胞间互作、拟时序分析等角度揭示肿瘤微环境中不同亚群间的起源与作用,进而发现新的细胞亚群或新生生物标志物,为揭示免疫治疗的耐药及疗效监测等提供新的途径。该综述系统回顾了单细胞RNA测序技术在揭示肺癌特别是免疫治疗后肺癌微环境异质性方面的最新研究进展,为促进肺癌免疫治疗的精准化与个体化提供参考。The immune microenvironment plays a key role in the development and progression of tumors.In recent years,with the rapid advancement of high-throughput sequencing technologies,researchers have gained a deeper understanding of the composition and function of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.However,traditional bulk sequencing technologies are limited in resolving heterogeneity at the single-cell level,constraining a comprehensive understanding of the complexity of the tumor microenvironment.The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing technology has brought new opportunities to uncover the heterogeneity of the immune microenvironment in lung cancer.Currently,T-cell-centered immunotherapy in clinical settings is prone to side effects affecting prognosis,such as immunogenic drug resistance or immunerelated pneumonia,with the key factor being changes in the interactions between immune cells and tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment.Single-cell RNA sequencing technology can reveal the origins and functions of different subgroups within the tumor microenvironment from perspectives such as intercellular interactions and pseudotime analysis,thereby discovering new cell subgroups or novel biomarkers,providing new avenues for uncovering resistance to immunotherapy and monitoring therapeutic efficacy.This review comprehensively discusses the newest research techniques and advancements in single-cell RNA sequencing technology for unveiling the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment after lung cancer immunotherapy,offering insights for enhancing the precision and personalization of immunotherapy.

关 键 词：单细胞RNA测序 肺肿瘤 免疫治疗 肿瘤异质性 肿瘤微环境 

分 类 号：R734.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]