基于动态磁网络法大型感应电机阻抗参数及起动特性计算  

Calculation of Impedance Parameters and Starting Characteristics of Large Induction Motor Based on Dynamic Magnetic Network

作　　者：夏云彦[1] 周洲 邵远亮 连如博 Xia Yunyan;Zhou Zhou;Shao Yuanliang;Lian Rubo(National Engineering Research Center of Large Electric Machines and Heat Transfer Technique Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin 150080,China;Harbin Electric Machinery Company Limited Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]大型电机电气与传热技术国家地方联合工程研究中心(哈尔滨理工大学),哈尔滨150080 [2]哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第14期4341-4352,共12页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52077047)。

摘　　要：为提高大型感应电机动态阻抗参数及起动特性计算的准确性及计算效率,构建了考虑电机转子转速变化引起气隙磁导变化的非线性动态磁网络模型。以一台6.5 MW大型感应电机为例,分析起动电流变化对电机内各处饱和程度的影响机理,在此基础上,根据磁力线路径及电机内饱和程度确定动态磁网络模型中的非线性磁导的计算方法。将动态磁网络模型与转子趋肤效应模型相结合,提出计及漏磁并考虑转子转速变化及饱和偏移现象的电机动态阻抗参数的计算方法。推导并建立基于转子多回路法的大型感应电机的动态数学模型,根据电机瞬态过程中的电磁耦合关系,确定动态数学模型与磁网络模型的动态耦合求解方法,提出大型电机瞬态过程中考虑电流、转速、饱和及趋肤程度变化的动态阻抗参数及起动特性的计算方法。通过与有限元计算结果及实验结果对比,验证了所提出计算方法的正确性。Large induction motors are widely used in traction and drive applications.The accurate calculation of impedance parameters is crucial for predicting motor performance,determining the driving load,and optimizing motor design.The large induction motor has a long starting time and large current,experiencing apparent time-varying core saturation and skin effect.Current approaches,such as the magnetic network method,often neglect the nonlinearity in the magnetic permeance of the motor during the starting process,leading to inaccuracies in considering the saturation deviation caused by variable starting currents.Accordingly,the dynamic magnetic network method is proposed to analyze the electromagnetic performance of large induction motors in the transient process.Considering the influence of the saturation effect and skin effect on the motor impedance,the calculation method for motor starting characteristics is proposed,thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of calculating dynamic impedance parameters and starting characteristics.The proposed nonlinear dynamic magnetic network model considers the air gap’s magnetic permeance variation caused by the rotor’s speed changes.The effect of the starting current characteristic on the saturation degree inside the motor is discussed.According to the magnetic field line and the saturation degree,the calculation method for nonlinear permeability in the dynamic magnetic network model is determined.Based on the dynamic magnetic network model and the rotor skin effect model,the dynamic impedance parameters are calculated by considering leakage flux,rotor speed variation,and saturation phenomena.The dynamic mathematical model of large induction motors is derived from the rotor multi-circuit method.According to the electromagnetic coupling relationship in the transient process,a dynamic coupling solution is determined to obtain dynamic impedance parameters and starting characteristics,considering variations in current,speed,saturation,and skin depth.Calculation accuracy at a

关 键 词：大型感应电机 动态磁网络 动态阻抗 转子多回路法 起动特性 

分 类 号：TM343[电气工程—电机]