我国本科人才培养“通专结合”模式的意蕴、原则与构建  

The Meaning,Principles and Construction of the“Combination of General and Major Education”Model for Undergraduate Talent Cultivation in China

作　　者：杨天平[1] 薛长凤 YANG Tianping;XUE Changfeng(Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua,Zhejiang 321004,China;Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学,浙江金华321004 [2]浙江水利水电学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《现代教育科学》2024年第4期9-15,23,共8页Modern Education Science

基　　金：2021年浙江省哲学社会科学规划重点课题“经典逻辑与价值逻辑的统一——教育管理学通论研究”(项目编号:21NDJC003Z)。

摘　　要：从清末萌发的本科分科专门教育到21世纪大类人才培养的兴起,“通专结合”经历了此消彼长、相互融合、协同改革的历史演变,形成了新的意蕴。当今时代,“通专结合”的实质是通专协同进化,不仅改造了通识教育、改革了专业教育,还开发了各种非正式课外教育,并遵循了一致性、整合性、差异性、自由选择性、有限性等原则。在不同层次的本科教育中,通专结合的程度应有所区别。应根据人才培养的理念与目标、专业设置、课程体系、教育教学组织与方式方法、教育教学管理机构和制度、评价方式等要素,分别构建研究型大学、教学研究型大学、教学型大学本科人才培养的系统性、局部性、片段性“通专结合”模式。From the emergence of undergraduate specialized education in the late Qing Dynasty to the rise of major categories talent cultivation models in the 21st Century,the“combination of general and major education”has undergone a historical evolution of ebb and flow,mutual integration,and coordinated reform,forming a new meaning.In today s era,the essence of the“combination of general education and major education”is the coevolution of general education and major education,which not only transforms general education and reforms major education,but also develops various kinds of informal extracurricular education,and follows the principles of consistency,integration,difference,free choice,and limitation.In different levels of undergraduate education,the degree of integration between general education and major education should vary.Based on the basic element indicators such as the concept and goal of talent training,major settings,curriculum system,education and teaching organization and teaching methods,education and teaching management institutions and teaching management systems,and evaluation method,we should respectively build the undergraduate talent cultivation model of systematic combination of general education and major education,partial combination of general education and major education,fragmentary combination of general education and major education in research university,teaching-research university and teaching university.

关 键 词：人才培养模式 通专结合 研究型大学 教学研究型大学 教学型大学 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]