标准化健康教育在老年龋病防治中的应用  

Application of Standardized Health Education in the Prevention and Treatment of Caries in Senile Patients

作　　者：孙蕾 SUN Lei(Shenzhen Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University(Pingshan))

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学深圳口腔医院(坪山)

出　　处：《中国标准化》2024年第14期252-255,共4页China Standardization

摘　　要：目的:探讨标准化健康教育(SHE)对老年龋病预防的效果。方法:选取根据美国牙科协会(ADA)龋病风险评估为中风险、高风险的中老年(大于50岁)研究对象40名,按照随机数表法进行分组,A、B两组各20例。A组予以常规宣教,B组予以SHE。干预时间为半年,比较两组研究对象龋病发生情况;接受教育前后两组研究对象口腔健康情况、口腔保健行为变化情况。结果:随访半年发现,A组患者出现龋病4例、B组则仅有1例,B组明显少于A组,P<0.05。接受教育前,两组人群OHIP-14各维度评分组间比较,P>0.05;半年后,两组对象各维度评分均有所降低,且B组下降幅度明显好于A组,P<0.05。接受教育前,两组观察对象定期进行口腔检查、使用含氟漱口水漱口、使用含氟牙膏、配合随访等口腔保健行为相差不大,P>0.05;但接受教育后,两组各项行为达标率有了明显提升,而B组患者相较于A组提升更明显,P<0.05。结论:通过开展标准化健康教育,有助于提升老年人的口腔保健行为,也有利于口腔健康,对预防龋病有积极意义。Objective:To investigate the effect of standardized health education(SHE)on the prevention of caries in the aged.Methods:40 middle-aged and elderly objects(over 50 years old)who were assessed as medium risk or high risk of caries according to the American Dental Association(ADA)were selected and divided into two groups according to random number table method,with 20 cases in each group.Group A gave routine education,and group B gave SHE.The intervention time was half a year,and the incidence of caries was compared between the two groups.Oral health and oral health behavior changes of the two groups before and after receiving education were compared.Results:After half a year of follow-up,there were only 1 in group B,which were significantly less than the 4 caries in group A(p<0.05).Before receiving education,OHIP-14 evaluation was compared between the two groups,p>0.05;After half a year,the scores of both groups decreased in all dimensions,and the decline of group B was significantly better than that of group A(p<0.05).Before receiving education,there was no significant difference between the two groups in oral health care behaviors such as regular oral examination,use of fluoride mouthwash,use of fluoride toothpaste,and follow-up,p>0.05;However,after receiving education,the compliance rate of various behaviors in the two groups was significantly improved,and the improvement in group B was more obvious than that in group A(p<0.05).Conclusion:Carrying out standardized health education is helpful to improve the oral health behavior of the elderly,and also beneficial to oral health,which has positive significance for preventing caries.

关 键 词：标准化健康教育 老年龋病 口腔保健行为 OHIP-14 

分 类 号：R781.1[医药卫生—口腔医学] R193[医药卫生—临床医学]