轿车乘员舱热浸效应特征与顶部降温特性研究  

Study on Hot Soaking Effect and Top Cooling Characteristics of Passenger Compartment

作　　者：陈岁繁 范熙磊 李其朋 CHEN Sui-fan;FAN Xi-lei;LI Qi-peng(School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Zhejiang Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江科技学院机械与能源工程学院,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2024年第7期138-144,共7页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：浙江省科技厅项目“科技助力经济2020”重点专项(SQ2020YFF0423771);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2020C01053)。

摘　　要：针对轿车的热舒适性问题,基于CFD瞬态模拟方法,仿真大众帕萨特轿车乘员舱内驾驶员、后排乘客以及壁面位置关键监测点夏季白天12h内温度动态变化,分析乘员舱的热浸特征,并通过改变进回风口的位置分布提出4种顶部强制降温方案,重点分析不同方案对监测点降温速率与降温效果的影响。研究结果表明:热浸状态下,车内温度的变化曲线均呈“先升后降”趋势,不同区域的温度在不同时段达到峰值,且乘员舱内空气温度沿水平方向温度相近,沿轿车高度方向呈阶梯状分布,有明显的“分层”现象,头部与小腿部分空气温度最大温差可达16℃,严重影响司乘人员的热舒适性;四种顶部强制降温方案的降温效果显著,不同的通风方式会对室内空气与壁面温度产生较大影响,从不同维度可优选相应的降温方案。研究结果可为乘车热舒适性研究提供一定的借鉴。Aiming at the thermal comfort problem of the passengers in vehicle,the temperature of driver,rear passenger and wall reference points in the passenger compartment of Passat Car in summer within 12 hours are simulated based on the CFD transient simulation method.and the hot soaking effect of the passenger compartment are analyzed.Change the position distribution of inlet and outlet and four top forced cooling schemes are proposed,anslyse cooling rate and cooling effect on different schemes.The results indicate that under the condition of hot soaking,the car temperature curve showed a'first rise and then fall'trend,the temperature in different regions reached the peak in different periods.The air temperature in the cabin is close to that in the horizontal direction,But the distribution along the height direction of the car is stepped,and there is an obvious phenomenon of'stratification'.The maximum temperature difference between the head and the shank can reach 16℃,affects the thermal comfort of the occupants.Four top forced ventilation schemes have obvious cooling effect on passenger compartment and different ventilation methods will have a greater impact on the indoor air and wall temperature.Appropriate schemes can be selected according to different dimensions.The results can provide some reference for the study of vehicle thermal comfort.

关 键 词：乘员舱 太阳辐射 瞬态模拟 热浸效应 热舒适性 顶部强制通风 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TU834[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程] TK122[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]