400 km/h高速铁路轮轨噪声与二次结构噪声预测及分析  

Prediction and Analysis of Wheel-rail Noise and Secondary Structure Noise of 400 km/h High Speed Railway

作　　者：宋立忠 张艺升 张海文 刘全民[1,2] 刘林芽 刘兰华[3] SONG Lizhong;ZHANG Yisheng;ZHANG Haiwen;LIU Quanmin;LIU Linya;LIU Lanhua(State Key Laboratory of Performance Monitoring and Protecting of Rail Transit Infrastructure,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330013,China;Engineering Research Center of Railway Environment Vibration and Noise,Ministry of Education,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330013,China;Energy Saving&Environmental Protection&Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学轨道交通基础设施性能监测与保障国家重点实验室,江西南昌330013 [2]华东交通大学铁路环境振动与噪声教育部工程研究中心,江西南昌330013 [3]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司节能环保劳卫研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁路》2024年第6期17-23,共7页China Railway

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52378450、52372328、52272348);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(P2022Z003)。

摘　　要：为评估400 km/h高速铁路列车通过桥梁时产生的轮轨噪声与二次结构噪声,基于统计能量分析法、有限元-边界元法,建立轮轨噪声和二次结构噪声数值预测模型。在此基础上,从轮轨粗糙度、车速和扣件刚度3个方面,分析轮轨粗糙度变化、车速变化以及扣件刚度变化对高速铁路高架段轮轨噪声和二次结构噪声的影响。研究结果表明:(1)在仅改变轮轨粗糙度情况下,综合噪声的变化趋势一致,随着轮轨粗糙度的增大,综合噪声也呈现增大趋势,并且轮轨粗糙度每增加1 dB,声压级增加1 dB(A);(2)在仅改变车速情况下,综合噪声的变化趋势一致,随着车速的增大,综合噪声也呈现增大趋势,但是噪声增大的速率变缓;(3)在仅改变扣件刚度情况下,扣件刚度变化对综合噪声的影响,主要集中在50~800 Hz频段,在其他频段范围内,综合噪声几乎不受扣件刚度变化的影响。在50~200 Hz频段,随着扣件刚度的增大,综合噪声也相应增大;而在200~800 Hz频段,随着扣件刚度的增大综合噪声数值减小。To assess wheel-rail noise and secondary structure noise produced as a 400 km/h high speed railway train traverses a bridge,this paper developed a numerical prediction model using the statistical energy analysis method and finite element-boundary element method.On this basis,an analysis was conducted on the impact of changes in wheel-rail roughness,train speed,and fastening stiffness on wheel-rail noise and secondary structure noise in viaduct sections of high speed railways from three key aspects:wheel-rail roughness,train speed,and fastening stiffness.The study reveals the following results:(1)Changing only the wheel-rail roughness demonstrates a consistent change trend in comprehensive noise.With an increase in wheel-rail roughness,there is a corresponding rise in comprehensive noise,indicating a sound pressure level increase of 1 dB(A)for each 1 dB increase in wheel-rail roughness;(2)Changing only the train speed exhibits a consistent change trend in comprehensive noise.As the train speed increases,comprehensive noise also grows,but the speed of noise growth decelerates;(3)Changing only the fastening stiffness primarily impacts the comprehensive noise in the 50-800 Hz frequency band.In other frequency ranges,comprehensive noise remains unaffected by changes in fastening stiffness.Within the 50-200 Hz band,the comprehensive noise increases in tandem with the increase of fastening stiffness.Conversely,in the 200-800 Hz band,the comprehensive noise level diminishes with the increase of fastening stiffness.

关 键 词：高速铁路 轮轨噪声 二次结构噪声 噪声预测 轮轨粗糙度 统计能量分析法 有限元-边界元法 

分 类 号：U270.16[机械工程—车辆工程] U213.2[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]