400 km/h高速轮轨噪声特性及轮轨声源贡献量研究  

Research on Characteristics of Wheel-rail Noise at a High Speed of 400 km/h and Contribution of Wheel-rail Sound Sources

作　　者：涂蔓蝶 王佳诺 韩健 肖新标[2] TU Mandie;WANG Jianuo;HAN Jian;XIAO Xinbiao(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu Sichuan 610031,China;State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu Sichuan 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《中国铁路》2024年第6期24-33,共10页China Railway

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(P2022Z003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2682024CG007)。

摘　　要：为了研究400 km/h高速轮轨噪声特性,基于傅里叶级数方法和2.5维边界元方法,建立轮轨滚动噪声预测模型,分析轮对与轨道的声辐射特性。利用轮轨滚动噪声预测模型,对轮轨短波不平顺在不同波深和波长特征下的噪声响应,以及扣件参数对轮轨噪声的影响进行研究。结果表明,随着短波不平顺波深增大,轮轨横向力、垂向力分别呈非线性增大0.7、62.7 kN;短波不平顺波长在31.5~500.0 mm时,轮轨横向力、垂向力受影响较小;短波不平顺波深增大1 dB,轮对、轨道和轮轨系统总声功率级呈线性增大约1 dB(A);随着短波不平顺波长减小,轮对声功率增大,轨道声功率先增大后减小;随着扣件垂向刚度增大,轮对、轨道、轮轨系统总声功率级分别减小0.1、1.1、1.0 dB(A);随着扣件垂向损失因子增大,轮对、轨道、轮轨系统总声功率级分别减小0.7、4.4、4.1 dB(A);扣件的横向刚度和横向损失因子对轮轨系统总声功率级无显著影响。To investigate the characteristics of wheel-rail noise at a high speed of 400 km/h,a prediction model for wheel-rail rolling noise was created,utilizing the Fourier series method and 2.5D boundary element method.This model enables the analysis of acoustic radiation features concerning wheelsets and tracks.By employing the wheel-rail rolling noise prediction model,the research also delves into the noise response of wheel-rail short-wave irregularity in the cases of various wave depth and wavelength characteristics,as well as the effects of fastening parameters on wheel-rail noise.The results indicate the following findings:(1)The lateral and vertical wheel-rail forces exhibit nonlinear increases of 0.7 kN and 62.7 kN respectively while the wave depth of short-wave irregularity grows;(2)Within the 31.5~500.0 mm wavelength range of short wave irregularity,less influence is generated on lateral and vertical wheel-rail forces;(3)A 1 dB increase in the wave depth of short-wave irregularity corresponds to a linear rise of about 1 dB(A)in the total sound power level of wheelsets,tracks,and the wheel-rail system;(4)As the wavelength of short-wave irregularity decreases,the sound power of wheelsets rises,while the sound power of tracks first increases and then decreases;(5)Elevating the vertical stiffness of fastenings results in a total sound power level decrease of 0.1 dB(A)for wheelsets,1.1 dB(A)for tracks,and 1.0 dB(A)for the wheel-rail system;(6)Increasing the vertical loss factor of fastenings leads to a total sound power level decrease of 0.7 dB(A)for wheelsets,4.4 dB(A)for tracks,and 4.1 dB(A)for the wheel-rail system;(7)The lateral stiffness and lateral loss factor of the fastenings do not significantly impact the total sound power level of the wheel-rail system.

关 键 词：高速列车 轮轨噪声 声源贡献量 短波不平顺 扣件参数 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]