中日高速铁路主要运营指标对比分析及启示  

Comparative Analysis of Major Operation Indicators of High Speed Railways between China and Japan

作　　者：李佳蒙 齐向春 史俊玲 荆晓霞 LI Jiameng;QI Xiangchun;SHI Junling;JING Xiaoxia(Postgraduate Department,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Scientific&Technical Information Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院研究生部,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司,北京100081 [3]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科学技术信息研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁路》2024年第6期131-140,共10页China Railway

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(K2023Z010);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研开发基金项目(2023YJ119)。

摘　　要：日本新干线运营超过半个世纪,发展已经较为成熟,积累了丰富的运营管理经验。从运输资源、运输规模、运输效率效益、运输质量4个维度对中国和日本高速铁路的主要运营指标进行对比分析,明确我国高速铁路的运营水平及下一步发展方向。结果表明,我国高速铁路运营里程、动车组保有量、运输量、市场份额、日均开行列车数量、客座利用率等指标优于日本新干线,但路网密度、每公里动车组保有量、运输密度、每百公里日均开行列车数量等平均性指标还有一定的提升空间,未来应充分发挥高铁成网运营优势,在路网建设中兼顾规模、密度和布局覆盖,以市场需求为导向优化运输供给,并加强全方位安全保障能力,以提高高铁基础设施规模质量和运输供给水平。Japan’s Shinkansen has been in operation for more than half a century,with relatively mature development and rich experience in operation and management.This paper compares and analyzes the major operation indicators of high speed railways in China and Japan from four dimensions:transportation resources,transportation scale,transportation efficiency and benefit,and transportation quality to clarify the operation level and next development direction of high speed railways in China.The results show that China’s high speed railway operation kilometrage,number of EMUs,transportation volume,market share,number of trains per day,passenger seat utilization rate and other indicators are superior to those of Japanese Shinkansen.However,there is still some room for improvement in the average indicators such as railway network density,number of EMUs per kilometer,transportation density and number of trains per 100km per day.In the future,it is necessary to give full play to the advantages of high speed railway network operation and take into account the scale,density and layout coverage in the construction of the railway network.The transport supply shall be optimized based on market demand and all-round safety guarantee shall be strengthened to improve the scale quality and transport supply level of high speed railway infrastructure.

关 键 词：日本新干线 高速铁路 运营指标 路网规模 运输效率 运输密度 

分 类 号：U293.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]