上海市艾滋病防治工作面临的困境分析  

Analysis of the Dilemmas Confronting AIDS Prevention and Treatment in Shanghai

作　　者：张玉姝 陈一凡 岳清[2] 徐鹏[3] 沈鑫[2] 王颖[1] 宁镇[2] 陈昕 ZHANG Yushu(School of Public Health,Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment,National Health and Family Planning Commission of China,Fudan University,Shanghai,200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院,国家卫生健康委员会卫生技术评估重点实验室(复旦大学),上海200032 [2]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京102206

出　　处：《医学与社会》2024年第7期20-26,共7页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目,编号为71473046;上海市卫生健康委2022年卫生健康政策研究课题,编号为2022HP19;上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023-2025年)建设项目,编号为GWVI-9;上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023-2025年)重点学科项目,编号为GWVI-11.1-05。

摘　　要：目的:了解上海市开展艾滋病防治工作面临的困境,为上海市更好地开展艾滋病防治工作提供参考。方法:以“卫生系统宏观模型”为理论框架,通过文献归纳分析形成22项艾滋病防治工作困境,于2022年11-12月访谈17位关键知情人,并结合规范差距分析得出上海市艾滋病防治工作的困境。结果:上海市艾滋病防治工作面临的主要困境是流动人口等群体的艾滋病预防控制工作难度大,严重程度6.41分(总分10分)。16位关键知情人(16/17)认为上海市处于艾滋病防治人员数量不能满足现实工作需要、信息化手段运用不充分、信息共享和服务能力不足的困境。规范差距分析结果显示,经诊断发现并知晓自身感染状况的感染者和病人比例尚未达到预期目标。结论:目前,上海市艾滋病防治工作在流动人口防控、信息化、防治人员数量、感染者检测发现方面存在不足,需要加强艾滋病防治人才队伍建设,推进艾滋病防治信息融合共享,促进社会组织参与,提升上海市艾滋病防治工作质量。Objective:To understand the dilemmas faced by Shanghai in carrying out AIDS prevention and treatment,and provide references for better prevention and treatment of AIDS in Shanghai.Methods:Using the Health System Macro Model as the theoretical framework,a list of 22 dilemmas was formed by the literature summary analysis.Between November and December 2022,interviews were held with 17 key informants,combined with a normative gap analysis,to find out the dilemmas for AIDS prevention and treatment in Shanghai.Results:The primary challenge in Shanghai's AIDS prevention and treatment efforts is the difficulty in controlling the spread of HIV among migrant populations and other groups,rated at 6.41 out of 10.Sixteen experts(16/17)identified a shortage of personnel for AIDS prevention,insufficient use of information technology,and inadequate information sharing and service capacity as significant issues.Normative gap analysis revealed that the detection rates of HIV infection and AIDS have not met the expected targets.Conclusion:Currently,deficiencies in controlling HIV among migrant populations,use of information technology,staffing for prevention efforts,and detection of infections in Shanghai.It is necessary to strengthen the development of AIDS prevention and treatment personnel,promote the integration and sharing of information,encourage participation from social organizations,and enhance the quality of AIDS prevention and treatment efforts in Shanghai.

关 键 词：传染病防治 艾滋病 上海 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]