我国动物类中药材可持续利用的法律规制困境及对策  

Legal Regulatory Dilemma and Countermeasures for the Sustainable Utilization of Animal Traditional Chinese Medicines in China

作　　者：吴颖雄 茅宁莹[1] 孙文婷 WU Yingxiong(School of International Pharmaceutical Business,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu,211198,China)

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学国际医药商学院,江苏南京211198 [2]南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《医学与社会》2024年第7期108-114,共7页Medicine and Society

基　　金：2022年度江苏高校哲学社会科学研究项目,编号为2022SJYB0326。

摘　　要：随着人们对动物类中药材需求的提升,动物类中药材遭到无序开发和利用,使得部分野生动物处于濒危甚至濒临灭绝状态。为了避免中医陷入无动物类中药材可用的尴尬境地,除了需要开展人工替代技术和人工繁育技术的研究外,还需要为动物类中药材可持续利用提供有效的法治保障,探讨动物类中药材可持续利用法律规制困境及纾解策略显得非常必要。我国已经颁布了包括《中华人民共和国野生动物保护法》《野生药材资源保护管理条例》等在内的一系列药用野生动物可持续利用法律规制,但存在诸如差异化管理规范不健全、缺乏规范的事中事后监管措施以及尚未构建野生动物入药的动态调整机制等问题。因此,推进动物类中药材可持续利用需要完善事中事后监管措施、细化分类管理规范以及动态调整野生动物入药等。With the rise in demand for animal medicine,animal traditional Chinese medicine is being exploited and used in a disorderly manner,leaving some of them endangered or even on the verge of extinction.To prevent Chinese medicine from falling into the embarrassing situation of having no animal medicine available,except research into artificial replacement techniques and artificial breeding,effective law guarantees for the sustainable utilization of wildlife for medicinal purposes are also needed.Therefore,it is necessary to discuss the legal issues of the sustainable utilization of animal traditional Chinese medicine.At present,China has issued a series of laws and regulations on the sustainable utilization of wild medicinal animals,including the Wildlife Protection Law of the People's Republic of China and the Regulations on the Protection and Administration of Wild Medicinal Materials.However,there are still some problems in these laws and regulations,such as an inadequate differentiated management system,lack of systematized measures for operational and post-operational supervision,and failure to build a dynamic adjustment mechanism for the use of wild animals in medicine.Therefore,promoting sustainable utilization of animal medicines needs to improve measures for operational and post-operational supervision,detailed classification management system,and dynamic adjustment of the use of wild animals in medicine,etc.

关 键 词：卫生法 中药材 动物 可持续利用 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]