清代官修《明史》对丘濬的书写——以汤斌《拟明史稿》为中心  

The Official History of the Ming Dynasty in the Qing Dynasty’s Writing of Qiu Jun:Centered on Tang Bin’s Draft of History of the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：苏循波 陶继双 SU Xunbo;TAO Jishuang(School of History and Culture,Mudanjiang Normal University,Mudanjiang 157011,China;School of Marxism,Shenzhen Vocational and Technical University,Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]牡丹江师范学院历史与文化学院,黑龙江牡丹江157011 [2]深圳职业技术大学马克思主义学院,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《南海学刊》2024年第4期95-103,共9页The Journal of South China Sea Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(13&ZD090);黑龙江省哲学社会科学规划项目(22ZSB260)。

摘　　要：《拟明史稿》中的《丘濬传》是清朝康熙时期官修《明史》的初期史稿,由理学家汤斌撰写。汤斌对丘濬的书写,主要集中于“文章”“道德”两个方面。其中在“文章”方面,他肯定了丘濬学识“博综”,同时也暗示其理学造诣“精微”不足;在“道德”方面,他肯定了丘濬的廉介和淡泊名利,却刻意突出丘濬性格之偏隘,甚至将弘治时期的一些政治纷争内化为其性格特征。《丘濬传》的这种书写模式不仅影响了其后的416卷本《明史》、王鸿绪《明史稿》对丘濬的评价,也被殿本《明史》所继承,形成了清朝官方对丘濬的基本认识。The Biography of Qiu Jun in Tang Bin’s Draft of History of the Ming Dynasty is a historical manuscript from the early stage of official compilation of History of the Ming Dynasty during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty,written by the Neo-Confucian scholar Tang Bin.Tang Bin’s writing on Qiu Jun mainly focuses on two aspects:“scholarly attainments”and“moral quality”.In terms of“scholarly attainments”,he affirmed Qiu Jun’s extensive knowledge,but also hinted at his lack of“refinement”in Neo-Confucianism;In terms of moral quality,he affirmed Qiu Jun’s honesty and indifference to fame and fortune,but deliberately highlighted Qiu Jun’s narrow-minded personality,and even internalized some political disputes during the Hongzhi period as his personality traits.The writing style of The Biography of Qiu Jun influenced the subsequent works such as Wan Sitong’s History of the Ming Dynasty and Wang Hongxu’s Draft of History of the Ming Dynasty,and was ultimately inherited by the imperial edition of History of the Ming Dynasty,forming the basic understanding and evaluation of Qiu Jun by the Qing Dynasty officials.

关 键 词：丘濬 清代 《明史》 汤斌 《拟明史稿》 

分 类 号：B244[哲学宗教—中国哲学]