低盐养殖对拟穴青蟹肌肉营养成分的影响  

Effect of Culture at Low Salinity on Muscular Nutrient Composition of Mud Crab Scalla paramamosain

作　　者：陈思仪 黄鑫岚 李婷婷 刘铮 吴周宇 邵逸臻 张丽梅 黄伟卿[2,3,4] CHEN Siyi;HUANG Xinlan;LI Tingting;LIU Zheng;WU Zhouyu;SHAO Yizhen;ZHANG Limei;HUANG Weiqing(College of Biological Science and Engineering,Ningde Normal University,Ningde 352100,China;Marine College,Ningde Normal University,Ningde 352100,China;Engineering Research Center for Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products in Eastern Fujian Province,Ningde 352100,China;Ningde Dingcheng Aquatic Products Co.Ltd.,Ningde 352100,China)

机构地区：[1]宁德师范学院生命科学与工程学院,福建宁德352100 [2]宁德师范学院海洋学院,福建宁德352100 [3]闽东水产品精深加工福建省高校工程研究中心,福建宁德352100 [4]宁德市鼎诚水产有限公司,福建宁德352100

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2024年第3期74-80,93,共8页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：2020年中央引导地方科技发展专项(2020L3011);福建省海洋经济发展专项(FJHJF-L-2022-18);宁德师范学院科技特派员科研资助专项(2021ZX502);国家级大学生创新项目(202210398003);福建省自然科学基金(2022J05273).

摘　　要：为探究低盐对拟穴青蟹(Scalla paramamosain)肌肉营养成分的影响,将平均体质量为(254.00±36.81)g的拟穴青蟹在循环水中饲养60 d,一蟹一盒。试验将盐度25的正常海水直接降至20,再以日均2.5的幅度将盐度降至15和10,最后以日均2的幅度将盐度降至5,使试验组盐度分别为5(S_(5))、10(S_(10))、15(S_(15))、20(S_(20))和25(S_(25),对照组),每组设3个重复,每组30只蟹。结果显示:低盐养殖青蟹的肌肉粗蛋白含量变化在(16.2±1.9)%~(19.5±0.7)%之间,与对照组无明显差异;S_(10)组蟹肌肉粗脂肪含量显著高于对照组S_(25)(P<0.05);S_(15)组的肌肉氨基酸总量(TAA)为(18.63±0.91)%,必需氨基酸(EAA)(6.49±0.41)%和呈味氨基酸(DAA)(7.48±0.21)%均高于对照组,氨基酸指数(EAAI)最优为80.36。S_(10)组的高度不饱和脂肪酸(HUFA)与EPA含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),n-3族多不饱和脂肪酸(∑n-3PUFA)含量为33.0%,达到最高。结果表明,在10~15的低盐环境下养殖拟穴青蟹,有助于改善肌肉营养。In order to investigate the effect of low salinity on the nutrient composition of muscle of mud crab Scalla paramamosain,the mud crab with body mass of(254±36.81)g were reared in circulating water for 60 days,one crab per box,exposed to salinity of 5(S_(5)),10(S_(10)),15(S_(15)),20(S_(20)),and 25(S_(25),control group)in the aquatic environment,at a salinity reducing rate of 1/d from natural sea water with salinity of 25 to 20,and then reducing the salinity to 1 and 10 at an average daily amplitude of 2.5,and finally reducing the salinity to 5 at an average daily rate of 2,each group with 3 replicates and 30 crabs in each group.Results showed that there was muscular crude protein content from(16.2±1.9)%to(19.5±0.7)%in the mud crab cultured in low salinity,without significant difference from that in the crab in the control group.There was significantly higher muscular crude fat content in groups S_(10) and S_(25) than that in the control group(P<0.05).The mud crab in group S_(15) had total muscular amino acids(TAA)amount of(18.63±0.91)%,essential amino acid(EAA)of(6.49±0.41)%and flavored amino acid(DAA)(7.48±0.21)%,higher than those in the control group,with the optimal amino acid index(EAAI)of 80.36.The contents of highly unsaturated fatty acids(HUFA)and EPA were found to be significantly higher in group S_(10) than those in control group(P<0.05),with the maximal n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(∑n-3PUFA)content(33.0%).The findings indicated that the muscle nutrition is improved in the mud crab cultured at salinity from 10 to 15.

关 键 词：拟穴青蟹 低盐度 肌肉 营养成分 

分 类 号：S965.89[农业科学—水产养殖] S968.251[农业科学—水产科学]