青少年儿童期情感虐待与忽视对抑郁的影响:不安全依恋、自责和责备他人的中介作用  

The Impact of Childhood Emotional Abuse and Neglect on Depression Among Adolescents:The Mediating Roles of Insecure Attachments,Self-Blame,and Blaming Others

作　　者：叶莹莹 李伊凡 亓军军 刘艳 周宵 YE Yingying;LI Yifan;QI Junjun;LIU Yan;ZHOU Xiao(Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学心理与行为科学系,杭州310058

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2024年第2期234-242,共9页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划之江青年专项课题(24ZJQN121Y);上海市科技计划项目(20dz2260300);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助。

摘　　要：为考察青少年儿童期情感虐待和忽视、不安全依恋、自责、责备他人与抑郁之间的关系,研究采用自陈式问卷对4933名青少年进行了调查。结果发现,儿童期情感虐待与忽视能够直接正向预测抑郁。情感虐待可以通过不安全依恋、自责和责备他人间接预测抑郁,还可以通过焦虑依恋分别经自责和责备他人的多重中介、通过回避依恋经责备他人的多重中介间接预测抑郁。而情感忽视则通过回避依恋和自责间接预测抑郁,或通过回避依恋经责备他人的多重中介间接预测抑郁。更重要的是,情感虐待通过焦虑依恋和回避依恋预测抑郁的间接效应显著大于情感忽视通过两种依恋维度对抑郁预测的间接效应。结果说明,青少年的不安全依恋、自责或责备他人中介了儿童期情感虐待与忽视对抑郁的作用。相对于情感忽视,情感虐待与青少年抑郁症状的关系更紧密。To investigate the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and neglect,insecure attachments,self-blame,blaming others,and depression in adolescents,a self-report questionnaire survey was conducted with 4933 adolescents.The results showed that childhood emotional abuse and neglect directly and positively predicted depression.Emotional abuse indirectly predicted depression through insecure attachments,self-blame,and blaming others,and also through multiple mediators of anxious attachment via self-blame and blaming others,and through multiple mediators of avoidant attachment via blaming others.Emotional neglect predicted depression indirectly through avoidant attachment and self-blame,or through multiple mediators of avoidant attachment via blaming others.More importantly,the indirect effects of emotional abuse predicting depression through anxious attachment and avoidant attachment were significantly greater than the indirect effects of emotional neglect predicting depression through two dimensions of attachment.The results indicated that insecure attachments,self-blame,or blaming others mediate the impact of childhood emotional abuse and neglect on depression in adolescents.Compared to emotional neglect,emotional abuse has a closer relationship with depressive symptoms in adolescents.

关 键 词：儿童期情感虐待与忽视 抑郁 不安全依恋 自责 责备他人 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]