储能技术创新、政策支持与中国能源绿色转型  

Energy storage technology innovation,policy support and the green transition of energy in China

作　　者：赵向琴[1] 赵超 陈国进[1] ZHAO Xiangqin;ZHAO Chao;CHEN Guojin(School of Economics,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学经济学院,厦门361005

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2024年第6期1749-1767,共19页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD055);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71971180,72171201,71988101);National Social Science Foundation of China(20&ZD055)。

摘　　要：本文基于储能技术创新能够促进能源绿色转型的经验证据,构建了一个包含储能技术和可再生能源技术的定向技术进步模型,采用理论建模和数值模拟方法,研究在储能技术水平较低的背景下,政策应该如何支持技术创新来实现能源绿色转型.研究发现:1)实现能源绿色转型需要同时解决环境的负外部性和技术创新的正外部性,碳税搭配价格补贴和信贷优惠的政策组合优于单独的碳税政策.2)为了支持储能技术和可再生能源技术创新,在初期两类技术水平较低的情况下需要较强的政策支持力度,之后力度随着两类技术的水平提高而降低,最终可以完全退出.3)对储能部门和可再生能源部门的价格补贴力度应该根据储能技术与可再生能源技术之间的差距做出调整,而信贷优惠政策可以在两部门保持相近的力度.4)制定政策还需要充分考虑可再生能源和储能的搭配比例以及二者的互补性,储能占比越高或互补性越强,政策支持的力度应越大,持续时间也应越长.Based on the empirical evidence that energy storage technology innovations can promote energy green transition,this paper proposes a directed technical change model with energy storage technology and renewable energy technology.By using theoretical analysis and numerical simulation methods,it studies how to design policies to promote technological innovation for achieving energy green transition in the context of underdeveloped energy storage technology.We find that:1)It requires simultaneously solving the negative externalities from environment and the positive externalities from technological innovation to achieve energy green transition,a combination of carbon taxes with price subsidies and preferential credit policies performs better than carbon taxes alone.2)In order to promote innovations in energy storage technology and renewable energy technology,a strong policy is needed in the early stage with the two underdeveloped technologies.Later,the policy becomes weaker as the two types of technologies become more advanced,and eventually it can be completely withdrawn.3)Price subsidies for the energy storage sector and the renewable energy sector should be adjusted based on the gap between energy storage technology and renewable energy technology,while credit preferential policies could keep similar between the two sectors.4)Making policy needs to take into consideration the collocation ratio and complementarity of renewable energy and energy storage.The higher the share of energy storage or the stronger the complementarity is,the stronger the policy supports for energy storage should be,and the longer the duration should be.

关 键 词：储能技术创新 定向技术进步模型 能源绿色转型 政策设计 

分 类 号：F124.3[经济管理—世界经济] X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]