黄河三角洲不同植物群落土壤有机碳特征及其影响因子  

Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Influencing Factors of Different Plant Communities in the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：李丛笑 张彦 覃茜瑾 贾琪 周爽 李天乐 刘福德[1] LI Cong-xiao;ZHANG Yan;QIN Xi-jin;JIA Qi;ZHOU Shuang;LI Tian-le;LIU Fu-de(School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China;Tianjin Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences,Tianjin 300191,China)

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津300384 [2]天津市生态环境科学研究院,天津300191

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第7期4177-4186,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41303057);天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划项目(14JCYBJC23000)。

摘　　要：土壤有机碳的变化对于土壤质量演变有着十分重要的意义.以黄河三角洲潮上带芦苇(Phragmites australis)、盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)和柽柳(Tamarix chinensis)群落为研究对象,分析0~50 cm土层范围内土壤有机碳(SOC)、易氧化有机碳(EOC)、溶解性有机碳(DOC)和颗粒有机碳(POC)的分布特征,并基于紫外-可见光谱、三维荧光光谱和平行因子分析(PARAFAC)技术,对土壤溶解性有机物(DOM)的组成和来源进行解析,最终结合土壤理化性质揭示影响不同植物群落土壤有机碳和DOM组分特征的关键因子.结果表明:(1)不同群落比较,盐地碱蓬群落ω(SOC)最高,为7.53 g·kg^(-1),柽柳群落ω(DOC)最高,为0.98 g·kg^(-1),芦苇群落ω(EOC)和ω(POC)显著高于盐地碱蓬和柽柳群落,分别为1.47 g·kg^(-1)和0.65 g·kg^(-1);垂直分布上,除POC含量外,均呈现出随着土层加深而降低的趋势.(2)芦苇、盐地碱蓬和柽柳群落土壤DOM的主要成分均为腐殖质、类蛋白物质、类富里酸物质,其中外源组分在以上群落中占比分别为55.80%、56.41%和52.81%;(3)不同群落比较,芦苇群落的腐殖化程度显著高于盐地碱蓬和柽柳群落,但其芳香化程度和自生源占比显著低于柽柳群落;垂直分布上,DOM芳香化和腐殖化程度随土层的加深逐渐增加,且深层土主要以疏水组分占比低的相对分子质量小的DOM为主.(4)冗余分析可知,N(P<0.01)、NO_(2)^(-)-N(P<0.01)和NH_(4)^(+)-N(P<0.05)是影响土壤有机碳和DOM组分变化的关键因子.Changes in soil organic carbon(SOC)are of great importance to the evolution of soil quality.The distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon(SOC),easily oxidizable organic carbon(EOC),dissolved organic carbon(DOC),and particulate organic carbon(POC)were investigated in the 0-50 cm soil layer of the Phragmites australis,Suaeda salsa,and Tamarix chinensis communities of the supratidal zone in the Yellow River Delta as the research subjects.Then,the composition and sources of soil dissolved organic matter(DOM)were analyzed based on the UV-vis spectroscopy,three-dimensional excitation emission matrix spectroscopy,and parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC).Finally,the key factors affecting the characteristics of soil organic carbon and DOM fractions of different plant communities were finally revealed in combination with the physicochemical properties of the soil.The results showed that:①Comparing different communities,the S.salsa community had the highestω(SOC)at 7.53 g·kg−1,the T.chinensis community had the highestω(DOC)at 0.98 g·kg−1,and the P.australis community had significantly higherω(EOC)andω(POC)than those of the S.salsa and T.chinensis communities at 1.47 g·kg−1 and 0.65 g·kg−1,respectively.The vertical distribution showed a tendency to decrease with deeper soil layers,except for POC concentration.②The main components of soil DOM of the P.australis,S.salsa,and T.chinensis communities were humus,protein-like substances,and fulvic acid-like substances,of which exogenous components accounted for 55.80%,56.41%,and 52.81%in the above communities,respectively.③Comparing different communities,the humification degree of the P.australis community was significantly higher than that of the S.salsa and T.chinensi communities,but its aromaticity and proportion of biological sources were significantly lower than those of the T.chinensi community.On the vertical profile of the soil,DOM aromaticity and humification degree gradually increased with the deepening of the soil layer,and the deeper soils w

关 键 词：黄河三角洲 土壤有机碳(SOC) 溶解性有机质(DOM) 潮上带湿地 植物群落 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]