2018—2022年烟台市儿童体质量指数和血压偏高动态变化关系的队列研究  

A cohort study on the relationship between dynamic changes of body mass index and high blood pressure in children in Yantai from 2018 to 2022

作　　者：孙月琳[1] 张晓瑜[1] 程晓松[1] 王飞 周子琳 王鑫[2] 胡志勇 王桂强[1] SUN Yue-lin;ZHANG Xiao-yu;CHENG Xiao-song;WANG Fei;ZHOU Zi-lin;WANG Xin;HU Zhi-yong;WANG Gui-qiang(1Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yantai,Shandong 264003,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]烟台市疾病预防控制中心,山东烟台264003 [2]滨州医学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第13期2364-2368,2380,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：山东省卫生健康政策研究课题(WZY202316);山东省2023年度智能社会治理研究课题(2023GZSZ-047);山东省学校卫生协会科研课题(SDWS2023079)。

摘　　要：目的 分析儿童体质量指数变化和血压偏高发生的相互关系,为开展相关干预措施提供科学依据。方法 选择2018年7岁年龄组,纳入连续5年有完整体检记录的儿童作为研究对象,使用t检验、χ2检验和拟合广义估计方程模型研究体质量指数变化和血压偏高发生的主要影响和交互作用。结果 5年后,儿童超重肥胖检出率从38.0%增长至46.3%。男孩出现或保持超重或肥胖状态的比例高于女孩,乡村儿童保持超重或肥胖状态的比例高于城区儿童。11岁儿童血压偏高检出率为27.2%,女孩血压偏高检出率高于男孩,乡村儿童血压偏高检出率高于城区儿童,超重肥胖的儿童血压偏高检出率高于总体人群。以血压偏高发生为结果的广义估计方程分析显示,与基线和随访结束时均非超重肥胖的儿童相比,随访结束时出现或始终保持超重或肥胖状态的儿童血压偏高的发生风险更高(否-是:OR=1.371,95%CI:1.259~1.492;是-是:OR=1.759,95%CI:1.653~1.873)。结论 烟台市儿童超重肥胖和血压偏高的检出率均较高,发展成为或保持超重肥胖状态的儿童发生血压偏高的风险更高。Objective To analyze the relationship between the changes of body mass index(BMI)and high blood pressure in children,and to provide scientific basis for related intervention measures.Methods A 7-year-old age group in 2018 was selected and included in the study of children with complete physical examination records for 5 consecutive years.The t-test,χ2 test,and fitting generalized estimation equation model were used to study the main effects and interactions of the changes of body mass index and high blood pressure.Results Five years later,the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children increased from 38.0%to 46.3%.The proportion of boys who were overweight or obese was higher than that of girls,and the proportion of rural children who remained overweight or obese was higher than that of urban children.The detection rate of high blood pressure of 11-year-old children was 27.2%,the detection rate of high blood pressure of girls was higher than that of boys,the detection rate of high blood pressure of rural children was higher than that of urban children,and the detection rate of high blood pressure of overweight and obese children was higher than that of the general population.Generalized estimation equation analysis based on the occurrence of high blood pressure showed that children who became or remained overweight or obese at the end of follow-up had a higher risk of high blood pressure than children who were not overweight or obese at baseline and at the end of follow-up(no-yes:OR=1.371,95%CI:1.259-1.492;yes-yes:OR=1.759,95%CI:1.653-1.873).Conclusion The detection rates of overweight,obesity and high blood pressure are higher in Yantai,and children who develop or maintain overweight and obesity have a higher risk of high blood pressure.

关 键 词：儿童青少年 超重 肥胖 血压 纵向研究 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]