从“多异美学”到“多元共生”——从谢阁兰、朱利安看法国文论阐释中国问题的范式及其发展  

From“Aesthetics of Diversity”to“Pluralistic Symbiosis”:The Issue of China in French Literary Theories and the Relevant Paradigm Shift in the Cases of Victo Segalen and Francois Jullien

作　　者：吴攸 Wu You

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中文系,上海200241

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期69-82,179,180,共16页Journal of East China Normal University（Humanities and Social Sciences）

摘　　要：西方文论中的中国问题是中西思想与文化相遇的重要场域,不仅以跨文化反思的方式呈现出中国形象,还促进了中西文明的对话与互鉴。谢阁兰建构的“多异美学”与朱利安主张的“多元共生”文化观均是西方文论阐释中国问题的重要范式:谢阁兰修正了此前欧洲文学/文论中异域猎奇式的方法论,重新阐释了“异域情调”一词的内涵并发展出一种大写的“多异美学”,赞扬多元文化的“差异”之美,超越并批判了西方殖民主义;而朱利安则是在强调多样性文化价值的基础上,形成了系统的对话主义方法论,不是立足于发现“差异”,而是借助中西文化“间距”进行“外部解构”“迂回-进入”,推动了寻求“多元共生”的范式成为阐释中国问题的方法。从“多异美学”到“多元共生”,这一发展反映出法国文论对中国问题的阐释与研究所经历的范式发展,也推动着中国问题成为世界知识生产与理论创新的动力。The issue of China in Western literary theories forges a stimulating field for the exchange of ideas and cultures between China and the West,which not only reflects the Chinese image from a transcultural perspective,but also contributes greatly to promoting East-West dialogue and mutual learning.Both of the“aesthetics of diversity”constructed by Victo Segalen and the cultural view of“pluralistic symbiosis”advocated by Francois Jullien are important paradigms concerning the interpretation of China in Western literary theories.By challenging the previous methodology driven by exotic curiosity in Western literary tradition and reinterpreting the connotation of the term“exotic”,Segalen has developed an aesthetics of diversity,which praises the beauty of multicultural differences.His theory has surpassed and criticized colonialism.By emphasizing the cultural value of diversity,Jullien has developed a systematic approach of dialogism,which aims not to identify the“difference”,but to use the“distance”between Chinese and Western cultures to carry out“external deconstruction”and“circuit-entry”,which promotes the paradigm of seeking“pluralistic symbiosis”to become a method of explaining China.This development from“aesthetics of diversity”to“pluralistic symbiosis”indicates a paradigm shift in studying China in French literary theories,which has opened up the new possibility that the issue of China can become a potential force for knowledge production and theoretical innovation across the globe.

关 键 词：“多异美学” “多元共生” 谢阁兰 朱利安 中西对话 

分 类 号：D61[政治法律—政治学] D822[政治法律—中外政治制度] I565.06[文学—其他各国文学] G04[文化科学]