同忻煤矿8105工作面上覆坚硬岩层失稳破断研究  

Study on instability and fracture of overlying hard rock strata in 8105 working face of Tongxin Coal Mine

作　　者：付兴[1,2] 冀明露[2] 张拓 李云鹏 刘天昊 陈世威 FU Xing;JI Minglu;ZHANG Tuo;LI Yunpeng;LIU Tianhao;CHEN Shiwei(Ordos Institute of Liaoning Technical University,Ordos 017000,Inner Mongolia,China;College of Mining,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,Liaoning,China;Research Institute of Deep Mining and Rock Burst,China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学鄂尔多斯研究院,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000 [2]辽宁工程技术大学矿业学院,辽宁阜新123000 [3]煤炭科学研究总院深部开采与冲击地压研究院,北京100013

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2024年第7期2632-2640,共9页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51674135);辽宁工程技术大学鄂尔多斯研究院校地科技合作培育项目(YJY-XD-2023-016)。

摘　　要：为研究坚硬岩层破断对回采工作面的影响,以同忻煤矿8105工作面坚硬顶板为工程背景,利用破裂线理论,得到了极限荷载破坏公式;为探究坚硬岩层失稳破断对工作面的影响,借助薄板理论,建立坚硬岩层结构模型,结合坚硬岩层失稳模式,给出了坚硬岩层失稳判据,分别为坚硬岩层初次失稳尺度及周期失稳计算公式;根据8105工作面综合柱状及物理力学参数,通过坚硬岩层协同变形载荷计算公式、坚硬岩层初次失稳计算公式等,确定低、中、高坚硬岩层层位及坚硬岩层破断尺度。结果显示:低、中、高位坚硬岩层初次失稳尺度分别为35.4 m、74.9 m、122.1 m,周期失稳尺度分别为13.5 m、63 m、109.9 m。通过理论计算坚硬岩层破断尺度发现:高位坚硬岩层失稳尺度最大,而低位和中位坚硬岩层失稳尺度接近一致。因此,高位坚硬岩层破断对工作面开采影响最大;8105工作面上覆岩层失稳破断对微震事件具有一定的影响。通过微震数据统计可知:坚硬岩层随着工作面的开采逐步发生失稳破断,不同坚硬岩层之间易发生耦合作用,形成复合矿压。坚硬岩层失稳判据的理论计算与实际硬岩破断尺度对比发现,高位坚硬岩层的预测准确率最高。Taking Tongxin Coal Mine as the engineering background,this paper uses a theoretical analysis method and on-site monitoring method to study the instability and fracture of hard strata overlying 8105 working faces.To describe the instability characteristics of hard strata,a structural model of hard strata is established to describe the structure formed by the fracture of low,middle,and high hard strata.The structure is divided into a cantilever structure,masonry structure,and pressure arch structure.Based on the key layer theory,thin plate theory,plastic failure theory of beam,instability model of hard rock,and calculation formula of cooperative load of hard rock,the instability criterion of hard rock is put forward,and the theoretical calculation formula of instability of hard rock is deduced.The failure modes of different hard strata are also different,which depend on the length of the hard strata inclined to hang along the working face and the length of the hard strata along the working face.When the low and middle hard strata are broken for the first time,2 x≤a,which belongs to the instability mode a,and when the high hard strata are broken for the first time,2 y≤b,which accords with the model b.Combined with the rock instability physical and mechanical parameters corresponding to the borehole columnar diagram of the working face,the initial instability scales of low,middle,and high hard strata are 35.4 m,74.9 m,and 122.1 m,respectively.Similarly,when periodic instability occurs in low and middle hard strata,it is model a,and when high hard strata occur periodic instability,it is model b,and the scale of periodic instability is 13.5 m,63 m,and 109.9 m,respectively.Therefore,the instability criterion of hard rock is used to predict the coming pressure of the working face,and it is theoretically analyzed that the instability and breaking of low hard rock lead to 25 times the small cycle pressure.The middle hard rock layer causes large cycle pressure 9 times.The instability and breaking of high hard rock stra

关 键 词：安全工程 矿压显现 坚硬岩层失稳破断 破裂线理论 坚硬岩层失稳判据 

分 类 号：X45[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]