食管癌照顾者疾病获益感的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究  

Potential profile analysis and influencing factors of benefit finding for esophageal cancer caregivers

作　　者：赵玲 贺云铃[3] 张耀文 文红英 ZHAO Ling;HE Yunling;ZHANG Yaowen;WEN Hongying(Department of Cardiac Great Vascular Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong,Sichuan 637000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]川北医学院附属医院心脏大血管外科监护室,四川南充637000 [2]宜宾市第二人民医院重症医学科,四川宜宾644000 [3]宜宾市第二人民医院心内科,四川宜宾644000 [4]宜宾市第二人民医院营养科,四川宜宾644000

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2024年第7期1246-1250,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：四川省基层卫生事业发展研究项目(SWFZ22-Y-30)。

摘　　要：目的探讨食管癌患者照顾者疾病获益感的潜在类别特征,并分析不同类别照顾者获益感的特征差异。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2020年11月—2021年6月在南充市某三甲医院胸外科及肿瘤科就诊的食管癌患者照顾者共311名为研究对象。使用简易应对方式问卷、一般自我效能感量表及疾病获益感量表修订版对食管癌患者的照顾者进行调查。结果疾病获益感表现为3种不同潜在类别(“获益感低下型”“获益感中等型”“获益感偏高型”),依次占比17.4%(54例)、53.7%(167例)、28.9%(90例)。相较于“获益感低下型”,倾向于采用积极应对方式的照顾者归属于“获益感偏高型”的概率更大(OR=1.322,P<0.001)。自我效能感得分越高的照顾者归属于“获益感偏高型”的概率更大(OR=1.341,P<0.001)。回归分析显示,积极应对方式、自我效能感、照顾者年龄、患者医疗费用支付方式、自理能力、疾病分期均是食管癌照顾者疾病获益感的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论照顾者疾病获益感处于中等偏低水平并且具有明显的分类特征。医护人员可根据不同类别照顾者采取针对性的护理干预措施以提高其疾病获益感水平。Objective To explore the potential category characteristics of benefit finding by caregivers of esophageal cancer patients and analyze the differences in benefit finding among different categories of caregivers.Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select 311 esophageal cancer patients treated in the Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology at a tertiary hospital in Nanchong City from November 2020 to June 2021.The caregivers of patients with esophageal cancer were invested in a simplified coping style questionnaire,general self-efficacy scale,and revised Chinese version of the benefit finding scale.Results Benefit finding was classified into low benefit finding,moderate benefit finding,and high benefit finding accounting for 17.4%(54 cases),53.7%(167 cases),28.9%(90 cases)respectively.Caregivers who tended to adopt a positive coping style were more likely to belong to the high benefit finding than the low benefit finding(OR=1.322,P<0.001).Caregivers with higher self-efficacy scores were more likely to belong to the high benefit finding(OR=1.341,P<0.001).The results of regression analysis showed that positive coping style,self-efficacy,caregiver age,payment method of medical expenses,self-care ability,and disease stage were the factors influencing the benefit finding of caregivers of esophageal cancer(P<0.05).Conclusion The benefit findings of caregivers are at a moderate to low level and have distinct classification characteristics.Healthcare professionals can take targeted nursing interventions based on the different categories of caregivers to improve benefit finding.

关 键 词：食管癌 照顾者 疾病获益感 潜在剖面分析 肿瘤护理 

分 类 号：R735.1[医药卫生—肿瘤] R473.73[医药卫生—临床医学]