聚能水压光面爆破在深埋长大隧道破碎岩体中的应用效果研究  

Study on Application Effect of Energy-Accumulating Hydraulic Blasting in Fractured Rock Mass of Long Tunnel with Thick Overburden

作　　者：任士房 余潭秋 张寰宇 郭志伟 REN Shifang;YU Tanqiu;ZHANG Huanyu;GUO Zhiwei(CCCC Second Harbor Engineering Co.Ltd.,Wuhan 430000)

机构地区：[1]中交第二航务工程局有限公司,武汉430000

出　　处：《土工基础》2024年第3期387-393,共7页Soil Engineering and Foundation

基　　金：中交第二航务工程局科研基金(YJZY-ZX-21-021)。

摘　　要：为解决深埋长大隧道断层破碎带以及节理发育岩体爆破效果问题,以新疆乌尉公路包PPP项目巴什库尔干二号隧道为例,针对深埋长大隧道破碎岩体爆破施工的难点和挑战,基于聚能水压光面爆破的聚能效应原理,确定了爆破参数和聚能管制作工艺,研究了聚能水压光面爆破的水雾降尘、爆破成形、围岩扰动以及降本增效效果。结果表明,与常规光面爆破相比,聚能水压光面爆破产生的粉尘浓度峰值约为11.23 mg·m-3,通风排尘时间节约50%;就Ⅲ级围岩而言,2种爆破方式均适用,聚能水压光面爆破的光爆效果优势不明显;就Ⅳ级围岩(节理裂隙发育区)、Ⅳ级围岩(f80断层破碎带)而言,聚能高水压光面爆破最大超挖值分别控制在7 cm和9 cm,超欠挖值得到明显改善;采用聚能水压光面爆破能有效降低爆破振动对围岩的扰动,最大振动速度为0.78 cm·s-1,单洞隧道可节约造价912.16万元。To solve blasting effect of a long tunnel with thick overburden in the fractured rock mass,the Bashkorgan No.2 tun-nel of Xinjiang Urumqi-Yuli Highway PPP Project is presented as the research object.The energy-accumulating hydraulic blas-ting method which is based on the principles of the cumulative effect were used to overcome difficulties and challenges during the fractured rock mass tunneling.The blasting parameters and the production process of the energy-accumulating tube were determined.The effects of the dust reduction,the transverse section shaping,the surrounding rock disturbance,the cost re-duction and benefit enhancement are studied by using the method of the field measurement.The results show that,compared with the smooth blasting method,the peak value of the dust concentration produced by the energy-accumulating hydraulic blas-ting method is about 1l.23mg/m,and the time of ventilation and dust removal is saved by 50%.As far as the Class III sur-rounding rock is concerned,both blasting methods are applicable.The advantages of the energy-accumulating hydraulic blasting method smooth effect are not obvious;For the Class IV surrounding rock(abundant joint fissure)and the Class IV surrounding rock(f80 fault),the maximum overbreak value of the energy-accumulating hydraulic blasting method is controlled at 7cm and 9cm,respectively.The overbreak and underbreak values are significantly improved.The use of the energy-accumulating hy-draulic blasting method can effectively reduce the blasting vibration and the disturbance of surrounding rock.The maximum vi-bration speed is 0.78cm/s.The cost saving of the single tunnel can be 9.1216 million yuan.

关 键 词：聚能水压光面爆破 深埋隧道 破碎岩体 超欠挖 经济效益 巴什库尔干二号隧道 

分 类 号：U456[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]