基于LiDAR点云的中国传统园林视觉空间定量分析方法——以寄畅园为例  

Method for Quantitative Analysis of Visual Space of Chinese Traditional Gardens Based on LiDAR Point Cloud:A Case Study of Jichang Garden

作　　者：张冠亭 彭予洋  ZHANG Guanting;PENG Yuyang;Steffen Nijhuis(College of Architecture,Nanjing Tech University;Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment,Delft University of Technology;Landscape Architecture Section,Delft University of Technology)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学建筑学院 [2]代尔夫特理工大学建筑与建成环境学院 [3]代尔夫特理工大学景观部门

出　　处：《风景园林》2024年第7期108-114,共7页Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：【目的】中国传统园林空间复杂多变,传统的分析方法难以深入探索传统园林复杂的三维视觉空间特征。三维激光雷达(light detection and ranging,LiDAR)点云技术在传统园林空间研究方面具有精度高、信息全等优势,借助LiDAR点云技术深入探索中国传统园林视觉空间特征,可为现代人居环境空间营造提供借鉴与参考。【方法】基于LiDAR点云技术提出一套适用于中国传统园林视觉空间分析的方法,并以三维可视性、视野舒展度及景物视野占比3项指标量化描述视觉空间。【结果】以寄畅园为例,构建了寄畅园LiDAR点云体素模型,利用提出的方法对锦汇漪西侧滨水步道11个视点的视觉空间进行了量化分析,解析了寄畅园的视觉空间特征,并探究了该步道的空间感知序列。【结论】证实了利用LiDAR点云技术展开传统园林视觉空间研究的可行性与准确性,提出的方法可应用于其他传统园林视觉空间的分析研究中。[Objective]Human perception of landscape and environment is primarily through visual senses,making visual landscape research a central theme in landscape architecture research.Conducting a visual analysis of the spatial characteristics of traditional Chinese gardens and exploring their visual features can provide valuable guidance for inheriting the essence of spatial design.In recent years,many scholars have employed quantitative analytical methods to identify the visual space of traditional gardens.However,few of these studies have used detailed models to analyze the spatial features of traditional garden spaces.Compared to traditional digital models,point cloud models collected through LiDAR(light detection and ranging)offer more detailed spatial information for visual landscape research.Therefore,this research aims to take Jichang Garden in Wuxi as an example to explore the possibilities and applications of in-depth visual and spatial analysis of traditional Chinese gardens using point cloud technology.This aim can be further broken into several components:1)Establishing analytical methods and selecting analysis indicators;2)applying these methods and indicators to analyze the visual space of Jichang Garden;3)uncovering the characteristics and features of traditional Chinese gardens through the interpretation of analysis results.[Method]This research establishes a set of methods for quantifying the analysis of visual space using point cloud data,including three main steps.1)Establishment of a model based on point cloud for calculating the analysis results of visual space.In detail,this research applies a voxel-based method to build multidimensional digital models for buildings,vegetation,and rockery,and build a digital elevation model(DEM)based on the point cloud data on the ground.Then,the aforesaid two kinds of models are integrated with water surface to finalize the modeling process.2)Establishment of a visual analysis method(line of sight method)based on the three-dimensional digital model for obtaining v

关 键 词：中国传统园林 LIDAR点云 空间视觉感知 景观视觉特征 视觉量化指标 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]