大跨度桥梁超低频调谐液体质量阻尼器研发及应用  

Development and Application of Ultra-Low Frequency Tuned Liquid Mass Damper for Long-Span Bridge

作　　者：毛伟琦[1,2] 柴小鹏 汪正兴[2,3] 王波 尹康 MAO Weiqi;CHAI Xiaopeng;WANG Zhengxing;WANG Bo;YIN Kang(China Railway Major Bridge Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430050,China;State Key Laboratory of Bridge Intelligent and Green Construction,Wuhan 430034,China;China Railway Bridge Science Research Institute,Ltd.,Wuhan 430034,China;China Railway Britech Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430034,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁大桥局集团有限公司,湖北武汉430050 [2]桥梁智能与绿色建造全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430034 [3]中铁大桥科学研究院有限公司,湖北武汉430034 [4]中铁桥研科技有限公司,湖北武汉430034

出　　处：《世界桥梁》2024年第4期54-60,共7页World Bridges

基　　金：中国中铁股份有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(2021-专项-04-1)。

摘　　要：大跨度桥梁在运营过程中易发生较为明显的超低频振动问题,采用调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)进行控制时,由于箱梁内部空间有限,常规TMD在结构上无法满足要求。基于此,提出一种基于浮力和流固耦合作用的超低频调谐液体质量阻尼器(TLMD)。为研究TLMD对结构的阻尼减振效果,进行模型试验,分析安装TLMD前、后主结构加速度幅值和阻尼比;将该新型超低频TLMD在贵州龙里河大桥上进行实桥应用,测试主梁频率特性和阻尼比。模型试验及实桥应用结果表明:TLMD减振技术可实现0.283 Hz乃至更低频率的超低频阻尼减振;采取TLMD控制后,模型试验主结构的阻尼比从0.038%提高至2.2%,主结构的加速度幅值从减振前的0.41 m/s2降低至0.01 m/s2;贵州龙里河大桥超低频TLMD当采用0.31%的质量比时,主梁一阶竖弯模态实测阻尼比从0.20%提高至0.82%,阻尼比提高了3.1倍。超低频TLMD参数稳定、性能可靠,有效降低了阻尼器的安装高度,显著提升了结构阻尼比,增强了桥梁的抗风性能。Ultra-low frequency vibrations are common on the in-service long-span bridges.Due to the space limitation inside the box girders,conventional tuned mass dampers(TMDs)are not considered the optimal vibration control solution.This paper presents a type of ultra-low frequency tuned liquid mass dampers(TLMDs)that take advantages of buoyancy and fluid-structure interaction.Model tests were carried out to verify the damping effect of TLMDs,and the acceleration amplitudes and damping ratio of the main bridge structure were analyzed before and after the installation of TLMDs.The ultra-low frequency TLMDs have been applied to the Longli River Bridge in Guizhou Province,and the frequency features and damping ratio of the superstructure were examined.The in-door tests and on-site engineering demonstrate that the TLMDs are capable of suppressing the vibrations with frequencies as low as 0.283 Hz and even lower.Fitted with TLMDs,the damping ratio of the main bridge structure rises from 0.038%to 2.2%,while the acceleration amplitude falls from 0.41 m/s 2 to 0.01 m/s 2.At a mass ratio of 0.31%,the measured damping ratio associated with the first vertical bending mode of the superstructure is increased from 0.20%to 0.82%,3.1 times higher than the damping ratio before the installation of ultra-low frequency TLMDs.The engineering practice proves that ultra-low frequency TLMDs are reliable,with stable parameters,which can be installed lower in heights than the comparable types of dampers,leading to improved damping ratio and better wind resistance of the bridge structure.

关 键 词：大跨度桥梁 超低频 调谐液体质量阻尼器 阻尼比 室内模型试验 实桥测试 

分 类 号：U441.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]