微生物法合成γ-氨基丁酸的研究进展  

Progress in microbial synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid

作　　者：王世依 赵毅雯 贾田丽 陈守文[1] WANG Shiyi;ZHAO Yiwen;JIA Tianli;CHEN Shouwen(National Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Jointly Built by the Ministry and the Province/College of Life Sciences,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学生命科学学院/省部共建生物催化与酶工程国家重点实验室,武汉430062

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2024年第4期94-101,共8页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2100200)。

摘　　要：γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)是一种四碳非蛋白质氨基酸,在食品、农业、医药、化工等领域具有广阔的应用前景。微生物法生产GABA因其温和、可持续发展等优势越来越受到人们的关注。因此,为了得到环保、便捷且效率更高的GABA生产方式,以满足食品、制药和畜牧领域对添加剂的严格要求,本文系统介绍了GABA的生产方法、生物体中的合成途径及微生物法生产GABA的研究进展,总结了目前全细胞催化法和微生物从头合成GABA的生产水平。研究者们致力于筛选和优化具有高催化效率和稳定性的酶并通过对微生物的代谢途径进行精细调控,以提高GABA的合成效率,未来的研究需要进一步优化酶和菌株的性能,降低生产成本,并探索更大规模的工业化生产途径。Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)is a four carbon and non-protein amino acid with broad application prospects in food,agriculture,medicine,chemical and other fields.The production of GABA with microbial methods has been received increasing attention due to its advantages of mildness and sustainable development.Therefore,this article systematically introduced the methods of producing GABA,the biosynthetic pathways in organisms,and the progress in studying the microbial production of GAB to achieve an environment-friendly,convenient,and more efficient method of producing GABA that meets the strict requirements for additives in the food,pharmaceutical,and animal husbandry industries.It summarized the current level of whole-cell catalysis and de novo microbial synthesis of GABA.Researchers are committed to screening and optimizing enzymes with high efficiency and stability of catalysis,and improving the efficiency of synthesizing GABA by finely regulating the metabolic pathways of microorganisms.Studies in the future need to optimize the performance of enzymes and strains,reduce costs of production,and explore pathways for industrialized production at larger scale.

关 键 词：Γ-氨基丁酸 合成途径 微生物法合成 谷氨酸脱羧酶 

分 类 号：TQ922[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]