基于气象大数据的大跨桥梁温度效应预测方法  

A Temperature Effect Prediction Method for Long-Span Bridges Based on Meteorological Big Data

作　　者：周云[1,2] 郑佳缘 郝官旺 危俊杰 李剑 朱正荣 ZHOU Yun;ZHENG Jiayuan;HAO Guanwang;WEI Junjie;LI Jian;ZHU Zhengrong(College of Civil Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;Key Laboratory for Damage Diagnosis of Engineering Structures of Hunan Province(Hunan University),Changsha 410082,China;China Construction Third Bureau First Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430020,China;Changsha Construction Project Quality and Safety Supervision Station,Changsha 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]工程结构损伤诊断湖南省重点实验室(湖南大学),湖南长沙410082 [3]中建三局第一建设工程有限责任公司,湖北武汉430020 [4]长沙市建设工程质量安全监督站,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第7期164-176,共13页Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52278306);湖南省重点研发计划项目(2022SK2096);湖南省水利厅水利科技项目(XSKJ2023059-31)。

摘　　要：为了提高结构健康监测的经济性,扩大其应用范围,提出了一种基于气象站大数据信息的大跨度桥梁结构温度场预测方法,从而实现轻量化和可持续性的桥梁温度场及温度变形计算.以某大跨钢拱桁架桥为研究对象,通过气象数据平台获取气象站大数据信息(包括天气、气温和风速信息),利用Elbadry等改进的凯尔别克辐射模型计算桥梁关键构件各表面受到的辐射强度,基于热交换传递理论计算结构热分析边界条件,结合有限元分析方法进行结构瞬态热分析,从而获得目标桥梁关键构件的时变温度场.温度场的计算结果与桥梁上实测温度在时间历程和结构竖向分布上均吻合良好,平均误差在3%以内.将计算得到的结构温度施加到桥梁结构整体有限元模型上,得到桥梁结构的温度变形,桥梁支座纵向位移的计算值与实测值吻合良好,平均误差在13 mm以内.验证了所提出的基于气象站大数据的桥梁结构温度场预测方法是可行的,利用该方法可进一步得到桥梁结构的温度变形.To improve the economy of structural health monitoring and expand its application scope,a temperature field prediction method of long-span bridges based on big-data information from weather stations was proposed to realize lightweight and sustainable bridge temperature field and temperature deformation calculation.Taking a large-span steel arch truss bridge as the research object,the big-data information(including weather,temperature,and wind speed information)from the weather station was obtained through the meteorological data platform,the radiation intensity of each surface for the main components of the bridge was calculated by Elbadry’s improved Kelbek radiation model,the boundary conditions of structural thermal analysis were calculated based on the heat exchange transfer theory,and the structural transient thermal analysis was carried out in combination with the finite element analysis method,to obtain the time-varying temperature field of the main components of the target bridge.The calculation results of the temperature field are in good agreement with the measured temperature on the bridge in terms of time history and vertical distribution of the structure,and absolute value of the average error is within 3%.The calculated structural temperature was applied to the overall finite element model of the bridge structure,and the temperature deformation of the bridge structure was obtained.Moreover,the calculated value of the longitudinal displacement of the bridge support is in good agreement with the measured value,and the average error is within 13mm.The analysis verifies that the proposed bridge temperature field prediction method based on big data from weather stations is feasible,and the temperature deformation of the bridge structure can be further obtained by using this method as well.

关 键 词：结构健康监测 温度场计算 数值模拟 大跨桥梁 气象大数据 温度变形 

分 类 号：U441[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]