经典肉桂酸合成实验的改进与拓展  

Refinement and Expansion of the Classic Cinnamic Acid Synthesis Experiment

作　　者：高庆英 罗涛 苏建源 俞超凡 李家柱[1] 焉炳飞 李文佐[1] 张震 刘义 Qingying Gao;Tao Luo;Jianyuan Su;Chaofan Yu;Jiazhu Li;Bingfei Yan;Wenzuo Li;Zhen Zhang;Yi Liu(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Yantai University,Yantai 264006,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学化学化工学院,山东烟台264006

出　　处：《大学化学》2024年第5期243-250,共8页University Chemistry

基　　金：山东省高等教育本科教学改革研究项目(Z2021070);烟台大学教学改革研究项目(jyxm2021014)。

摘　　要：肉桂酸合成实验是高等学校现行《有机化学实验》教材中的一个重要单列基础实验。该实验在教学实施过程中暴露出残余苯甲醛气味难闻、原料对水敏感、购存困难、高温副产物多等问题。针对以上问题,本论文对经典肉桂酸合成实验进行了改进:采用苯甲醛/丙二酸/三乙烯二胺的均相反应体系制备肉桂酸,采用亚硫酸氢钠洗涤、萃取的后处理方法去除残余苯甲醛,使其更符合现代实验教学和绿色化学的要求。改进后的实验不仅可有效去除难闻的残余苯甲醛,还具有原料稳定性好、价格低廉、后处理操作简单等优点。通过增加波谱学表征、柱色谱分离等环节,该实验可以拓展为以精细化学品阿魏酸为合成目标的8学时综合性创新实验,提高对学生化学综合素质的培养。The experiment for synthesizing cinnamic acid is a crucial foundational experiment in the current“Organic Chemistry Experiment”curriculum in higher education.However,during its implementation,several issues have emerged,including the unpleasant odor of residual benzaldehyde,sensitivity of raw materials to water,procurement challenges,and the generation of numerous high-temperature by-products.In response to these challenges,this paper proposes improvements to the classic cinnamic acid synthesis experiment.A homogeneous reaction system comprising benzaldehyde/malonic acid/triethylenediamine was employed to synthesize cinnamic acid.Additionally,a post-treatment method involving washing with sodium bisulfite was introduced to eliminate residual benzaldehyde,thereby aligning the experiment with modern teaching practices and the principles of green chemistry.The enhanced experiment not only effectively mitigates the odor issue associated with residual benzaldehyde but also offers advantages such as improved raw material stability,lower costs,and simplified post-treatment procedures.Furthermore,by incorporating spectroscopic characterization and column chromatography,the experiment can be expanded into a comprehensive 8-hour laboratory session targeting the synthesis of the fine chemical ferulic acid,thus enhancing the development of students’overall chemical proficiency.

关 键 词：肉桂酸 合成实验 亚硫酸氢钠 实验创新 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学] O6[文化科学—教育学]