木薯淀粉-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物的结构与性能  

Structure and properties of cassava starch-acrylamide graft copolymer

作　　者：蔡海鹏 汪进文 董春雷[1] 朱刚 杜官本[1] 邓书端[1] CAI Haipeng;WANG Jinwen;DONG Chunlei;ZHU Gang;DU Guanben;DENG Shuduan(Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学云南省木材胶黏剂及胶合制品重点实验室,昆明650224

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2024年第4期79-86,共8页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：云南省基础研究重点项目(202201AS070152);杜官本院士工作站项目(YSZJGZZ-2020052);高等学校学科创新引智计划资助项目(D21027);大学生创新创业训练项目。

摘　　要：为消除传统人造板的甲醛释放对人体健康和环境造成的危害,将木薯淀粉(CS)降解后与丙烯酰胺(AM)接枝共聚,制备木薯淀粉-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物(CS-AAGC)胶黏剂,并对其外观、黏度、固含量等基本性能进行测定。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振碳谱(13C NMR)及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对其结构进行分析,采用差式扫描量热分析(DSC)及扫描电镜(SEM)分析其固化性能,探究木薯淀粉与丙烯酰胺(AM)的物质的量比对木薯淀粉-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物胶黏剂胶合强度的影响。结果表明:合成的木薯淀粉-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物胶黏剂外观为乳白色均一液体,随着丙烯酰胺添加量的增加,共聚物的黏度也随之增加;丙烯酰胺上的双键与淀粉中的羟基发生了反应;当n(淀粉基本单元)∶n(AM)=1∶5时,相应的木薯淀粉-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物的胶合性能相对最好,以其制备的胶合板干状剪切强度为1.46 MPa、(23±2)℃冷水浸泡24 h后的剪切强度为0.87 MPa、(63±1)℃热水浸泡3 h后的剪切强度为0.84 MPa,符合GB/T 9846—2015《普通胶合板》对Ⅱ类胶合板的要求。With the continuous development of the wood processing industry,in order to eliminate the hazards of free formaldehyde in traditional wood-based panel adhesives(urea-formaldehyde resin(UF),phenol-formaldehyde resin(PF),and melamine-formaldehyde resin(MF))on human health and the environment,a formaldehyde-free tapioca starch-acrylamide graft copolymer adhesive was synthesized.The tapioca starch-acrylamide graft copolymer was prepared using tapioca starch(CS)degraded by sulfuric acid(H 2 SO 4)and graft copolymerized with acrylamide(AM),and its basic properties were measured.The structures were examined by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),nuclear magnetic resonance carbon spectroscopy(13 C NMR)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The curing properties were analyzed by the differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and scanning electron microscope(SEM),and the effects of the molar ratio of cassava starch basic unit to acrylamide(AM)on the stability of the tapioca-starch-acrylamide graft copolymer were studied.The results showed that the synthesized starch binder was a milky white emulsion and the polyacrylamide was a transparent homogeneous liquid.The cassava starch-acry-lamide graft copolymer(CS-AAGC)binder synthesized in the first six groups had the appearance of a milky white homogeneous liquid,and the cassava starch-acrylamide graft copolymer binder in the seventh group had the appearance of a milky white jelly.The viscosity of cassava starch-acrylamide graft copolymer binder increased with the increase of the addition of acrylamide and the double-bonded carbon on acrylamide reacted with the hydroxyl group in starch.As the reaction proceeded,the acrylamide and the starch interlocked to form the cassava starch-acrylamide graft copolymer.As the amount of acrylamide increased,the appearance of tapioca starch-acrylamide graft copolymer was white and homogeneous liquid.The adhesive properties of the cassava starch-acrylamide graft copolymer(CS-AAGC)adhesive were also significantly improved,and the co

关 键 词：木薯淀粉 丙烯酰胺 木材胶黏剂 接枝共聚 胶合板 

分 类 号：TQ432.2[化学工程]