霍山石斛枫斗溯源及不同贮藏年份挥发性成分分析  

Provenance of Processed Caulis(Fengdou)of Dendrobium huoshanense and Volatile Components after Storage for Different Years

作　　者：戴亚峰 胡莉 尚亮亮 黄月纯[3] 纵瑞叶 刘舒萍 王诗文 DAI Ya-feng;HU Li;SHANG Liang-liang;HUANG Yue-chun;ZONG Rui-ye;LIU Shu-ping;WANG Shi-wen(Jiuxianzun Dendrobium Huoshanense Co.,Ltd.,Lu′an 237000,China;School of Pharmaceutical Science,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510006,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510405,China)

机构地区：[1]九仙尊霍山石斛股份有限公司,安徽六安237000 [2]广州中医药大学中药学院,广东广州510006 [3]广州中医药大学第一附属医院,广东广州510405

出　　处：《中国现代中药》2024年第7期1119-1126,共8页Modern Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：目的:对霍山石斛与枫斗的关系进行溯源,并探讨贮藏年份对霍山石斛枫斗(以下简称霍斗)挥发性成分的影响。方法:通过文献考证结合实地观察进行溯源;采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对贮藏年份为0、2、4、6年的霍斗挥发性成分进行分析,根据峰面积计算各成分的相对质量分数,并进行GC-MS图谱相似度分析。结果:枫斗最早来源于霍山石斛,霍斗应具备完整的“龙头凤尾”特征,绿毛枫斗多指霍斗;12批不同贮藏年份霍斗中均鉴定出25个主要共有挥发性成分,其中脂肪酸类8个、烷烃类6个、醇类4个、酚类3个、酯类2个及其他类2个;12批样品GC-MS图谱的相似度为0.851~0.997,各样品与对照图谱的相似度为0.949~0.996,相似度良好;主成分分析结果表明,贮藏年份为0、2年的枫斗聚为一类,4、6年的聚为另一类,采用正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析进一步筛选出导致差异的成分主要是亚油酸、亚麻酸等脂肪酸类成分。结论:霍斗“龙头大、凤尾小”的特征易与其他枫斗区分;不同贮藏年份霍斗挥发性成分的种类基本一致,但相对质量分数存在一定差异,贮藏年份在6年之内挥发性成分基本稳定。Objective:To clarify the relationship between Dendrobium huoshanense and processed caulis(Fengdou)and explore the effects of storage years on the volatile components of D.huoshanense-derived Fengdou.Methods:Literature review and field investigation were carried out to clarify the relationship.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was employed to analyze the volatile components of D.huoshanense-derived Fengdou stored for 0,2,4,and 6 years,and the relative content of each component was calculated according to the area of the chromatographic peak.Furthermore,the similarity of GC-MS fingerprints was analyzed.Results:Fengdou originated from D.huoshanense and should have a form with the basic characteristics of robust base and thin tip.The D.huoshanense-derived Fengdou was often referred to as"Lvmao Fengdou"mentioned in ancient books.A total of 25 common volatile components were identified from 12 batches of samples stored for different years,including 8 fatty acids,6 alkanes,4 alcohols,3 phenols,2 esters,and 2 other compounds.The GC-MS fingerprints showed the similarity of 0.851-0.997 among 12 batches of samples and 0.949-0.996 between the samples and reference fingerprint,which indicated a high similarity score.The results of principal component analysis(PCA)showed that samples stored for 0 and 2 years were clustered into one category,and those for 4 and 6 years were in the other category.The orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)was performed to identify the differential components,which were mainly fatty acids such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid.Conclusion:The basic characteristics of robust base and thin tip made D.huoshanense-derived Fengdou easy to be distinguished from Fengdou of other sources.The volatile components of D.huoshanense-derived Fengdou were similar after storage for different years,with differences only in the relative content.The volatile components were basically stable within 6 years of storage.

关 键 词：霍山石斛枫斗 绿毛枫斗 贮藏年份 挥发性成分 气相色谱-质谱法 

分 类 号：R281.3[医药卫生—中药学] R284[医药卫生—中医学]