2019—2022年四川省毒蕈中毒事件流行特征及毒蕈种类分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and species analysis of mushroom poisoning incidents in Sichuan Province from 2019 to 2022

作　　者：同昭燕 陈文[1] 许毅[1] 林黎[1] TONG Zhaoyan;CHEN Wen;XUYi;LIN Li(Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and Safety,Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu Sichuan,610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生安全所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第10期1338-1342,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：四川省科技厅项目资助(2021YFS0296)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2019—2022年四川省毒蕈中毒事件流行特征,为四川省毒蕈中毒的预防和控制提供参考依据。方法 从“食源性疾病暴发监测系统”收集2019—2022年四川省毒蕈中毒相关信息,运用Excel 13.0整理相关数据,并对数据进行分析。结果 2019—2022年四川省共报告毒蕈中毒事件数474起,发病人数1 659例,死亡人数10例,病死率为6.03‰;6—10月是毒蕈中毒事件高发期,事件数、发病人数、死亡人数占比分别为91.77%(435/474)、91.56%(1 519/1 659)、80.00%(8/10);绵阳市、凉山州、自贡市、宜宾市、广元市、成都市和泸州市是重点市州,事件数、发病人数占比分别为81.22%(385/474)、78.72%(1 306/1 659),安州区、盐源县、江油市、荣县、游仙区、旺苍县、古蔺县、木里藏族自治县、三台县是重点区县,此9个区县事件数均超过10起,事件数占47.89%(227/474);家庭是高发场所,事件数、发病人数、死亡人数占比分别为88.40%(419/474)、81.73%(1 356/1 659)、100.00%(10/10);引发事件原因的主要环节是自采,占75.20%(379/504);引发事件原因的主要因素是误食误用,占97.28%(465/478);有毒型别中以胃肠炎型最多,占65.45%(36/55)。结论 相关部门应增加项目经费支持毒蕈种类的鉴定与分型工作;重点地区在高发季节应针对重点人群积极开展毒蕈中毒健康教育活动,制作地方野生蕈科普图谱,深入农村和家庭开展野生蕈宣教工作;基层医疗机构应提升毒蕈中毒病例的诊断能力和救治水平;有关部门需继续加强监测报告体系建设。Objective The analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mushroom poisoning incidents in Sichuan Province from 2019 to 2022,and provide scientific basis and reference suggestions for the prevention and control of mushroom poisoning in Sichuan Province.Methods Information related to mushroom poisoning in Sichuan Province from 2019 to 2022 was collected from the Food-borne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System.Excel 13.0 was used to organize the relevant data,and the data were analyzed.Results A total of 474 cases of mushroom poisoning were reported in Sichuan Province from 2019 to 2022,with 1659 cases and 10 deaths,and the case fatality rate was 6.03%o.The period from June to October was a high incidence period for mushroom poisoning incidents,with the number of incidents,incidence,and mortality accounting for 91.77%(435/474),91.56%(1519/1659)and 80%(8/10),respectively.Mianyang City,Liangshan Prefecture,Zigong City,Yibin City,Guangyuan City,Chengdu City and Luzhou City were the key cities and prefectures,with the number of incidents and incidence of 81.22%(385/474)and 78.72%(1306/1659),respectively.Anzhou District,Yanyuan County,Jiangyou City,Rong County,Youxian District,Wangcang County,Gulin County,Muli Tibetan Autonomous County and Santai County were the key districts and counties,and the number of incidents in these nine districts and counties exceeded 10,accounting for 47.89%(227/474)of the total number of incidents.Families were high-risk places,with the number of incidents,incidence,and mortality accounted for 88.40%(419/474),81.74%(1356/1659)and 100.00%(10/10),respectively.The main cause of the incident was self-mining,accounting for 75.20%(379/504).The main cause of the incident was ingestion and misuse,accounting for 97.28%(465/478).Among the identified toxic types,gastroentertis type was the main type,accounting for 65.45%(36/55).Conclusion Relevant departments should increase project funds to support the identification and typing of toadstool species.Key areas should actively carry out health educati

关 键 词：毒蕈中毒 流行特征 毒蕈种类 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]