小车运行状态下岸桥结构动力响应分析  

Container quay crane structural dynamic response under trolley traveling

作　　者：胡雄[1] 董凯 郑培[1] 孙志伟 穆森 HU Xiong;DONG Kai;ZHENG Pei;SUN Zhi-wei;MU Sen(Logistics Engineering College,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学物流工程学院,上海201306

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2024年第7期1200-1210,共11页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(62073213);上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(19511105002)。

摘　　要：本文对在役岸桥整机金属结构的动力学响应机理进行分析。基于Euler-Bernoulli梁理论建立起重机单梁结构数值模型,分析不同工况对梁结构动力响应的影响,并分析动力学方程中“离心加速度项”对岸桥的动力学响应的影响。利用一岸桥结构数据建立包含结构重要分析部位如铰点、轨道梁等结构的几何特征的整机精细化数值模型。以简化质量点模拟小车,将质量与板壳单元接触,实现小车与大梁的相互作用,并应用于岸桥结构动力学分析中,考虑轨道梁非中心受力,计算得到大梁铰点的加速度响应,与实测信号结果基本一致。经计算分析发现,岸桥大梁铰点处测点的加速度实测信号频谱和计算信号频谱均表明小车运行对岸桥结构的主要影响为经过轨道接头时产生的高频冲击。同时,岸桥模型大梁上10个测点及小车的位移结果表明,当小车带额定载荷以额定速度匀速运行时,岸桥前大梁前端产生垂向拟静态位移,位移频谱表明小车主要受到垂向强迫振动。Structural response of quay crane should be paid more attention to with the growth of worldwide logistics demand.This paper analyzes the response mechanism of the metallic structure of the quay crane induced by trolley traveling.On-site test is con⁃ducted.The time domain of crane girder acceleration signal shows that the main influence of the trolley travelling on crane structure is the high-frequency impact as it passes through the hinge point.The spectrum shows the main frequency of structure vertical vibra⁃tion and impact vibration.Based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory,a numerical model of quay crane single beam structure is estab⁃lished.The influence of different working conditions on the dynamic response of the beam structure and effect of the centrifugal ac⁃celeration term in the dynamic equation on logistics equipment such as quay cranes is analyzed.A refined model of the whole struc⁃ture including the critical parts of the structure,such as the hinge points,the rail girder and other structural geometric features is es⁃tablished.The trolley is simulated with simplified mass points,and the interaction between the trolley and the girder is realized by the contact between the mass and the shell elements in the dynamic analysis of the quay crane structure.The eccentric force of the rail girder is considered,and the acceleration response of the girder hinge point is calculated,which is basically consistent with the measured signal results.After calculation and analysis,the frequency spectrum of the measured acceleration signal and the calculat⁃ed signal spectrum at the girder hinge point of the quay crane show that the main influence of the trolley traveling on the quay crane structure is the high-frequency impact.The influence of the impact on the surrounding structure cannot be ignored.At the same time,the displacement results of 10 measuring points on the girder of the quay crane model and the trolley show that when the trol⁃ley runs at a constant rated speed with the rated load,the front end

关 键 词：岸边集装箱起重机 小车运行 质量-板壳接触法 非中心受力 动力响应 

分 类 号：TH215[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] O327[理学—一般力学与力学基础]