我国家事纠纷诉前调解制度研究  

A Study on the Pre-litigation Mediation System for Family Disputes in China

作　　者：刘跃延 Liu Yueyan(Wuhan University,Wuhan,430072,Hubei)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《湖南警察学院学报》2024年第2期49-57,共9页Journal of Hunan Police Academy

摘　　要：自2016年最高人民法院推动家事审判改革试点工作以来,试点法院对家事调解以及家事审判方式的探索已经取得了阶段性成果。最高法于2018年颁布的《关于进一步深化家事审判方式和工作机制改革的意见》(试行)属于司法解释性质文件,但其中关于家事纠纷诉前调解的规定明显与《民事诉讼法》第125条规定的先行调解制度相冲突,这就使得部分试点法院的诉前调解行为超出了现行法律的规定。我国家事纠纷诉前调解制度存在诉前调解范围混乱、依职权启动诉前调解违反法律规定、司法权提前介入家事纠纷等问题。为推动我国家事纠纷诉前调解制度在法治轨道上运行,后续家事审判的立法应明确诉前调解的范围、性质与后续衔接程序。试点法院依职权启动家事纠纷诉前调解的行为应予以纠正,家事审判改革应在法治原则的基础上稳步推进。Since the Supreme People's Court promoted the pilot work of family trial reform in 2016,the pilot courts have achieved phased results in exploring family mediation and family trial methods.The Opinions on Further Deepening the Reform of Family Trial Methods and Working Mechanism(for trial implementation)issued by the Supreme Law in 2018 is a document of judicial interpretation,but the provisions on pre-litigation mediation of family disputes clearly conflict with the first mediation system specified in Article 125 of the Civil Procedure Law,which makes the pre-litigation mediation of some pilot courts exceed the provisions of the current law.There are some problems in the pre-litigation mediation system of family disputes in China,such as the confusion of the scope of pre-litigation mediation,the violation of legal provisions by starting pre-litigation mediation on the basis of authority,and the early intervention of judicial power in family disputes.In order to promote the pre-litigation mediation system of family disputes in China to operate on the track of the rule of law,the legislation of subsequent family trials should clarify the scope,nature and follow-up procedures of pre-litigation mediation.The pilot court should correct the act of initiating pre-litigation mediation of family disputes according to its authority,and the reform of family trials should be steadily promoted on the basis of the rule of law.

关 键 词：家事审判 家事纠纷 诉前调解 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]