我国研究生心理健康问题的基本状况与教育对策  

Basic Conditions and Educational Countermeasures of Mental Health Problems in Chinese Graduate Students

作　　者：俞国良[1] 王学振 YU Guoliang;WANG Xuezhen(Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学心理研究所,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学教育学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2024年第7期80-87,共8页China Higher Education Research

基　　金：中国人民大学心理健康教育跨学科重大创新规划平台的研究成果。

摘　　要：筑牢研究生教育的心理健康基础,必须了解心理健康问题的基本状况。采用元分析方法,纳入2010到2023年的330篇文献(包括243161人),对我国研究生主要心理健康问题的检出率和影响因素进行探究。结果显示,心理健康问题的检出率从高到低依次是:学业倦怠(32.7%)、睡眠问题(24.9%)、强迫问题(23.1%)、抑郁(21.0%)、焦虑(16.0%)、敌对问题(9.7%)、自杀意念(8.8%)。文献出版年代、研究生的学段和专业、测量工具对检出率具有显著影响。基于研究发现提出对策与建议:重视心理健康问题的高发性,采取有针对性的解决方案;警惕心理健康问题的恶化趋势,健全追踪与监测机制;关注心理健康问题的个体差异,完善服务与支持体系;革新心理健康问题的评估工具,建立规范的检出标准。To solidify the foundation of mental health in graduate education,a comprehensive understanding of the basic situation of mental health problems is essential.This study employed meta-analytical approach,incorporating 330 articles from 2010 to 2023(involving 243161 individuals),to investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of major mental health problems among Chinese graduate student.The results indicated that the prevalence of mental health problems among graduate students,from high to low,included:academic burnout(32.7%),sleep problems(24.9%),compulsive issues(23.1%),depression(21.0%),anxiety(16.0%),hostility(9.7%),and suicide ideation(8.8%).Factors such as the year of literature publication,graduates'educational phase and major,and measurement tools significantly impacted the prevalence.Based on these findings,strategies and recommendations are proposed:prioritizing the high incidence of mental health issues and implementing targeted solutions;being vigilant against the malignant development of mental health problems and improving tracking and monitoring mechanisms;paying attention to individual differences in mental health problems and enhancing the service and support system;innovating assessment tools for mental health problems and establishing standardized detection criteria.

关 键 词：研究生 心理健康问题 检出率 元分析 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学] G441[文化科学—教育学]