面向中国式现代化的农村土地制度创新与农民农村共同富裕:理论逻辑、实践经验与改革共识  

Theoretical Logic,Practical Experience and Reform Consensus of Rural Land System Innovation and Common Prosperity for Farmers and Rural Areas Facing Chinese-style Modernization

作　　者：姜海 田双清 JIANG Hai;TIAN Shuangqing

机构地区：[1]南京审计大学公共管理学院,南京211815 [2]西华师范大学管理学院,南充637009

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2024年第8期42-58,共17页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“土地增值收益分配社会共识形成机制及交易成本效应研究”(编号:71974098);江苏省社科基金项目“技术理性与制度权威冲突融合视阈下空间规划演进的理论与实践研究”(编号:20GLB011);南充市社科研究“十四五”规划2024年度项目“四川推进共同富裕的土地制度改革路径与保障体系研究”(编号:NC24B322)。

摘　　要：共同富裕是社会主义的本质要求,是中国式现代化的重要特征。基于地区发展均衡、主体成果共享的共同富裕内涵,农村土地制度创新兼顾“公平”“效率”与“可持续”价值逻辑,通过推动农民增收、农业发展与农村进步,最终实现乡村地区、全部农民共同富裕。党的百年农村土地制度改革,经历了“耕者有其田”、土地集体经营、家庭承包经营和土地“三权分置”等阶段演变,为中国式现代化农民农村共同富裕铲除落后根源、奠定制度基础、提供经济支撑和强大助力。实践证明,中国农村土地制度创新坚持了党的全面领导、公平效率与可持续的有机统一、土地公有制基础上的市场化改革、持续扩权赋能与差别化政策,尽管经历了一些曲折,总体上始终朝着共同富裕目标前进。站在历史新起点,需基于中国式现代化的基本特征和本质要求,进一步凝聚新时代农村土地制度改革共识,从收益分配、产权安排、市场体系、规划利用、生态保护、配套保障等层面,深化农村土地制度创新,推进农民农村共同富裕取得扎实成效。Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism and an important feature of Chinese-style modernization.Based on the connotation of common prosperity with balanced regional development and shared achievements,the innovation of rural land system takes into account the value logic of fairness,efficiency,and sustainability,and promotes the growth of farmers' income,agricultural development,rural progress,and ultimatly achieving common prosperity for rural areas and all farmers.The Party's century-old reform of rural land system has undergone the evolution of “land to the tiller”,collective land management,household contract management,and the separation of land “three rights”,which have helped Chinese path to modernization,eradicate the root causes of backwardness in rural areas,lay institutional foundation,and provide economic support.Practice has proved that China's rural land system innovation adheres to the party's overall leadership,the organic unity of fairness,efficiency,and sustainability,the market-oriented reform based on the public ownership of land,and the policy of continuous empowerment and differentiation.Despite some twists and turns,it has always moved forward towards the goal of common prosperity.Standing at a new historical starting point,it is necessary to further gather consensus on rural land system reform in the new era to refine and deepen the innovation of rural land system from the aspects of income distribution,property rights arrangement,market system,planning and utilization,ecological protection,and supporting security,in order to achieve solid results in promoting the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas.

关 键 词：农村土地制度创新 共同富裕 理论逻辑 改革共识 中国式现代化 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]