ctDNA检测在胃癌诊断和疗效预测中的价值  

Value of ctDNA detection in the diagnosis and efficacy prediction of gastric cancer

作　　者：岳品利 焦宇辰 YUE Pinli;JIAO Yuchen(National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases/Fuwai Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Center of Laboratory Medicine,Beijing 100037;State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology,National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,China)

机构地区：[1]国家心血管病中心、中国医学科学院北京协和医学院阜外医院实验诊断中心,北京100037 [2]国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院分子肿瘤学全国重点实验室

出　　处：《胃肠病学和肝病学杂志》2024年第7期803-807,共5页Chinese Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

摘　　要：循环肿瘤DNA(circulating tumor DNA,ctDNA)来源于患者体内的肿瘤细胞,可以综合地反映肿瘤患者体内的肿瘤负荷,相较于单个部位的肿瘤组织活检取样偏差,血浆ctDNA可以即时反映患者体内的整体分子改变情况。目前检测ctDNA突变有两种常见方法,一种是在无肿瘤组织的情况下用高频突变基因探针进行靶向捕获,分析ctDNA突变,另一种是对肿瘤组织测序后,选取多个突变位点,定制个体化检测试剂盒,追踪ctDNA突变以评估突变负荷,即肿瘤特异性突变检测。ctDNA检测在胃癌的早期诊断、疗效评估和预后预测方面发挥重要的作用,一方面可以利用胃癌患者的ctDNA特征进行胃癌诊断,另一方面是通过检测ctDNA突变评估患者体内的微小残留病灶,预测患者的复发和预后以及对患者进行分层,筛选出需要进行后续治疗的患者等。综上所述,本文将对ctDNA检测在胃癌诊断和疗效预测中的应用作一概述。Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)originates from tumor cells and can comprehensively reflect the tumor burden in cancer patients.Compared to the sampling bias of tumor tissue biopsy,plasma ctDNA can promptly reflect the overall molecular changes in cancer patients.Currently,there are two common methods for detecting ctDNA mutations.One method uses a high-frequency mutation gene panel for targeted capture to analyze ctDNA mutations in the absence of tumor tissue.The other method involves tumor tissue sequencing,selecting mutations,and designing a personalized panel that tracks ctDNA mutations and assesses tumor burden,specifically detecting tumor-specific mutations.ctDNA detec-tion plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis,treatment evaluation,and prognosis prediction of gastric cancer.On one hand,the characteristics of ctDNA in gastric cancer patients can be used for diagnosis,and on the other hand,ctDNA mutation detection can evaluate minimal residual disease in cancer patients,predict recurrence and prognosis,stratify patients,and identify those who need further treatment.In summary,this article summarized the application of ctDNA detection in the diagnosis and efficacy prediction of gastric cancer.

关 键 词：CTDNA 胃癌 疗效预测 

分 类 号：R735.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]