面向医工交叉人才培养的基础医学实验教学改革  

Teaching Reform of Basic Medical Experiments for Medical-Engineering Cross Disciplinary Talent Cultivation

作　　者：康红艳[1] 周钢[1] 刘美丽[1] 李昆 王江雪[1] 孙安强[1] KANG Hongyan;ZHOU Gang;LIU Meili;LI Kun;WANG Jiangxue;SUN Anqiang(School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学生物与医学工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2024年第7期183-186,205,共5页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：北京航空航天大学教学研究项目(4010029);北京航空航天大学“医工融合课程群”教学团队项目(54531736)。

摘　　要：“基础医学实验”是医工交叉人才培养“基础医学教育”环节中的一门核心专业类课程,而当前的基础医学实验教学模式并不适用于“医工交叉”的人才培养,亟须改革。借鉴我国现有基础医学实验教学模式,基于实验动物福利3R原则,“一鼠多用”,将解剖生理学与细胞生物学、生物化学、遗传学、形态学和免疫组织化学等实验进行整合,形成整合类实验项目,减少实验动物用量;引入虚拟实验,结合翻转课堂,以虚代实;将实验动物伦理纳入理论讲解范畴并通过教师的示范、在实验动物中心设立“小动物信箱”等方式,增强学生对于生命的敬畏。改革经验为国内工科院校医工交叉人才培养环节中基础医学实验课程的开设提供参考。“Basic Medical Experiments”is a core professional course in the“Basic Medical Education”section of medical-engineering cross disciplinary talent cultivation.The current basic medical experimental teaching model is not suitable for the talent cultivation of“medical engineering intersection”,and urgently needs reform.Based on the existing basic medical experimental teaching model in China,the teaching team integrates anatomical physiology with cell biology,biochemistry,genetics,morphology,immunohistochemistry and other experiments based on the 3R principles of experimental animal welfare,following“one mouse for multiple uses”to form integrated experimental projects,reducing the number of experimental animals.Virtual experiments are introduced to replace animal experiments and combined with flipped classrooms.By incorporating the ethics of experimental animals into class,through the guidance of teachers,and the establishment of“small animal mailboxes”in the experimental animal center,students’reverence for life are strengthened.The present teaching reform experience provides reference for the establishment of basic medical experimental courses in the medical-engineering crossover talent cultivation in domestic engineering colleges.

关 键 词：医工交叉 3R原则 基础医学实验 教学改革 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]