齿条导轨组件安装精度的调校方法  

Method for Adjusting the Installation Accuracy of Rack Guideway Assembly

作　　者：冯献彤 李政民卿 查帅 FENG Xiantong;LI Zhengminqing;ZHA Shuai(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Nanjing Chenguang Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210006,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机电学院,南京210016 [2]南京晨光集团有限责任公司,南京210006

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2024年第7期74-78,共5页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：国防基础科研计划项目(JCKY2020213B006);直升机传动技术国家级重点实验室基金项目(HTL-A-22G11);国家自然科学基金项目(52175053)。

摘　　要：齿条导轨组件安装精度要求高,调校方式主要依靠经验,调整螺钉拧紧力矩与导轨位移关系尚不明确,故对齿条导轨组件开展安装精度调校方法研究,探索调整螺钉拧紧力矩与导轨位移关系,提高装配精度,保证产品质量。基于奇异函数建立了调整螺钉拧紧力矩与导轨位移关系,采用遗传算法对特定位置螺钉拧紧力矩进行优化求解,形成了一种齿条导轨组件直线度与平行度调校方法,并通过有限元仿真验证了该调校方法的可行性。结果表明,该方法能够根据导轨偏移量求解相应位置的调整螺钉力矩,减小导轨调校的盲目性,降低导轨安装的直线度和平行度误差,提高直线导轨的安装精度。Rack guideway assembly has high installation accuracy requirements,and the adjustment method mainly depends on experience.The relationship between adjusting screw tightening torque and guideway displacement is not clear,so the method of adjusting rack guideway assembly installation accuracy is studied to explore the relationship between adjusting screw tightening torque and guideway displacement,so as to improve assembly accuracy and ensure product quality.Based on the singular function,the relationship between the tightening torque of adjusting screw and the displacement of guideway was established.The genetic algorithm was used to optimize the tightening torque of screws at specific positions,and a method for adjusting the straightness and parallelism of rack guideway assembly was formed.The feasibility of the adjustment method was verified by finite element simulation.The results show that the method can solve the adjusting screw torque of the corresponding position according to the offset of the guide rail,reduce the blindness of the guideway adjustment,reduce the straightness and parallelism errors of the guideway installation,and improve the installation accuracy of the linear guideway.

关 键 词：齿条导轨 奇异函数 直线度与平行度 遗传算法 

分 类 号：TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG65[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]