其他方式承包的土地经营权设立抵押权的规范逻辑——《民法典》第342条的解释论展开  

The Normative Logic of Creating Mortgages of Rural Land Management Right Contracted by Other Means:The Interpretation of Article 342 of China’s Civil Code

作　　者：李国强 王东根 LI Guo-qiang;WANG Dong-gen

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学法学院,大连116026

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2024年第4期141-154,238,239,共16页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20AFX017)。

摘　　要：《民法典》第342条沿袭原《物权法》第133条规定其他方式承包的土地经营权可以通过抵押方式流转,但《民法典》第395条删除了原《物权法》第180条第1款第3项规定的其他方式承包的土地承包经营权的内容,导致此种抵押可以适用的具体规则供给不足。因此,其他方式承包的土地经营权设立抵押权的规则适用应通过类推适用的路径解决,在抵押权设立条件上应类推适用《农村土地承包法》第47条合意生效加登记对抗规则,而《民法典》第342条规定的“经依法登记取得权属证书”只是程序性条件,是对“四荒地”向农用地的转化过程予以法律确认,在抵押权的登记对抗范围等具体问题上应类推适用动产抵押的登记对抗具体规则。Article 342 of China’s Civil Code,which follows Article 133 of the former Real Right Law,provides that the right to rural land management contracted by other means may be transferred by way of mortgage.However,the Article 395 of the Civil Code deletes the content of the right to contractual land management contracted by other means,as stipulated in Article 180,Paragraph 1,Item 3 of the former Real Right Law,resulting in an insufficient supply of specific rules that can be applied to such mortgages.Therefore,the application of the rules for creating mortgages on the land management right contracted by other means should be resolved through the path of analogous application,and the conditions for the establishment of mortgages should be analogously applied to the rules of consensual entry into force and registration confrontation in Article 47 of the Rural Land Contract Law.The“acquisition of ownership certificates through registration in accordance with law”stipulated in Article 342 of the Civil Code,is only a procedural condition that legally recognizes the process of transforming“four kinds of the wasteland”into agricultural land.On specific issues such as the scope of the registration confrontation of the mortgage,the rules of registration of chattel mortgages should be applied by analogy.

关 键 词：其他方式承包的土地经营权 抵押权 类推适用 登记对抗 

分 类 号：D923.2[政治法律—民商法学] D922.3[政治法律—法学]