口腔恶性肿瘤患者临床特征分析(附773例)  

Analysis of clinical characteristics of patients with oral malignant tumor(773 cases)

作　　者：查诚鹏 李磊 饶锦辉 张文达 雷倩 谢韬 张敏玥 孙传政 ZHA Chengpeng;LI Lei;RAO Jinhui;ZHANG Wenda;LEI Qian;XIE Tao;ZHANG Minyue;SUN Chuanzheng(The Second Department of Head and Neck Surgery,Peking University Cancer Hospital Yunnan Hospital/Yunnan Cancer Hospital,Yunnan Kunming 650118,China.)

机构地区：[1]北京大学肿瘤医院云南医院/云南省肿瘤医院头颈外二科,云南昆明650118

出　　处：《现代肿瘤医学》2024年第14期2541-2545,共5页Journal of Modern Oncology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:82360568,82060499)。

摘　　要：目的:通过分析我院收治的口腔恶性肿瘤患者的临床特征,探讨云南省口腔恶性肿瘤发病特点,为制定云南省口腔恶性肿瘤防治策略提供依据。方法:收集2013年1月至2022年12月我院确诊的全部口腔恶性肿瘤患者临床资料,对患者性别、年龄、发病部位及其它临床病理特征进行分析。结果:773例口腔恶性肿瘤患者中,鳞状细胞癌占比最高(682例,88.2%),非鳞状细胞癌中腺样囊性癌占比最高(32例,4.1%)。男性明显多于女性(7∶3),男女口腔恶性肿瘤好发部位差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。按发病部位统计,男性排名前三位的口腔恶性肿瘤分别发生在:舌(205例,26.5%)、口底(121例,15.7%)和牙龈(70例,9.1%);在女性中前三位依次发生在:舌(107例,13.8%)、牙龈(44例,5.7%)和唇(34例,4.4%)。患者就诊的中位年龄为59岁(17~90岁)。Ⅲ-Ⅳ期患者占67.1%(519例)。351例(45.4%)有吸烟史;233例(30.1%)患者有饮酒史,同时吸烟和饮酒的患者共225例(29.1%)。结论:近十年来,云南省口腔恶性肿瘤发病率呈上升趋势,就诊时多为晚期。吸烟、饮酒可能是云南地区口腔恶性肿瘤的主要危险因素。加强口腔恶性肿瘤的预防、早期诊治对于改善患者预后至关重要。Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with oral malignant tumor treated in our hospital,and to explore the incidence characteristics of oral malignant tumor in Yunnan Province,so as to provide evidence for the development of prevention and treatment strategies for oral malignant tumor in Yunnan Province.Methods:The clinical data of all patients with oral malignancy diagnosed in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2022 were collected,and the gender,age,site of onset and other clinicopathological characteristics of the patients were analyzed.Results:Among 773 patients with oral malignancies,squamous cell carcinoma accounted for the highest proportion(682,88.2%),and adenoid cystic carcinoma accounted for the highest proportion(32,4.1%)in non-squamous cell carcinoma.There were significantly more male patients than female patients(7∶3),and there was a significant difference between male and female oral malignant tumor sites(P<0.05).In men,the top three oral malignancies occurred in the tongue(205,26.5%),floor of the mouth(121,15.7%)and gingiva(70,9.1%).In women,the top three occurred in the tongue(107,13.8%),gingiva(44,5.7%)and lips(34,4.4%).The median age of patient presentation was 59 years(17~90 years).Stage III-IV patients accounted for 67.1%(519).351 cases(45.4%)had a history of smoking.233 patients(30.1%)had a history of alcohol consumption,and 225 patients(29.1%)smoked and drank at the same time.Conclusion:In recent 10 years,the incidence of oral malignant tumors in Yunnan Province has been on the rise,and most patients are in the late stage.Smoking and drinking may be the main risk factors of oral malignancy in Yunnan.Strengthening the prevention and early diagnosis and treatment of oral malignant tumors is very important to improve the prognosis of patients.

关 键 词：口腔恶性肿瘤 发病特点 云南省 预防 

分 类 号：R739.8[医药卫生—肿瘤]