一名医学研究生艾滋病职业暴露后心理应激反应的对策研究  

Study on the psychological stress response of a medical postgraduate after AIDS occupational exposure

作　　者：侯路遥 张美荣 仇丹丹 王康 HOU Luyao;ZHANG Meirong;QIU Dandan;WANG Kang(Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221000,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州医科大学,江苏徐州221000

出　　处：《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2024年第3期283-285,共3页Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine

基　　金：江苏高校哲学社会科学研究项目(2023SJYB1103)。

摘　　要：目的研究1名医学研究生艾滋病职业暴露后心理应激反应的动态变化和影响因素,基于辅导员视角提出相应的解决对策,为艾滋病职业暴露的医学研究生确定最佳的干预时机和制定有效的心理干预方案提供可行依据。方法以1名发生艾滋病职业暴露的医学研究生为研究对象,使用压力知觉量表(PSS-4)、创伤后应激障碍测评表(PCL-5)和医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)分别于暴露当天、暴露后第7 d、暴露后1个月以及暴露后3个月共4个时间点对该生的感知压力、创伤后应激症状、焦虑及抑郁程度进行纵向研究。结果发生艾滋病职业暴露的医学研究生的PSS-4得分、PCL-5得分、HADS-A得分、HADS-D得分均自暴露时开始增高,暴露后第7 d达到最高值,分别是7、25、10和18;暴露后1个月、3个月得分逐渐下降。结论不同时间段的医学研究生心理应激反应程度不同,辅导员应根据其动态变化进行有针对性的指导,减少其心理创伤,促进学生的身心健康。Objective To study the dynamic change and influencing factors of psychological stress response of a medical postgraduate after AIDS occupational exposure propose corresponding solutions based on the perspective of counselors,so as to provide feasible basis for medical postgraduate with AIDS occupational exposure in the later to determine the best intervention opportunity and develop effective psychological intervention programs.Methods Taking a medical postgraduate with occupational exposure to AIDS as the research object,using Perceived Stress Scale-4(PSS-4),Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5(PCL-5)and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS),a longitudinal study was conducted on the student’s perceived stress,post-traumatic stress symptoms,anxiety and depression at four time points on the day of exposure,the seventh day after exposure,one month after exposure,and three months after exposure.Results The scores of PSS-4,PCL-5,HADS-A and HADS-D of the student with occupational exposure to AIDS began to increase from the time of exposure,reached the highest level at 7 days after exposure,which were 7,25,10 and 18,respectively,and gradually decreased from one month and three months after exposure.Conclusion The degree of psychological stress response varied among medical postgraduate at different periods.Counselors should provide targeted guidance based on the dynamic changes and specific problems to reduce their psychological trauma and promote their physical and mental health.

关 键 词：医学研究生 艾滋病 职业暴露 心理应激反应 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.91[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]