K_(1)峭度约束的地震频域反褶积方法研究  

Frequency-domain seismic deconvolution based on K_(1)kurtosis metric

作　　者：杨阳[1,2] 王治国 魏千盛 王竟仪 刘乃豪 张兵 高静怀[1,2] YANG Yang;WANG ZhiGuo;WEI QianSheng;WANG JingYi;LIU NaiHao;ZHANG Bing;GAO JingHuai(School of Information and Communications Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China;School of Mathematics and Statistics,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China;The Third Gas Production Plant of Petro China Changqing Oilfield Branch,Ordos 017000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学信息与通信工程学院,西安710049 [2]西安交通大学数学与统计学院,西安710049 [3]中国石油长庆油田分公司第三采气厂,鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2024年第8期3109-3119,共11页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(42304122);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2022M712509);陕西省重点研发计划一般项目(2024GX-YBXM-067);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2021JM-009);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(xjh012020039)联合资助。

摘　　要：由于鄂尔多斯盆地近地表地形复杂多变,且地震波存在地层吸收等效应,导致采集到的地震资料品质较差,主频较低,纵向分辨率较差.频域反褶积方法是提高鄂尔多斯盆地地震资料分辨率的一项关键技术.目前,峭度是频域反褶积最常用的非高斯性度量.但是由于实际地层反射系数序列呈现尖峰、长尾分布,传统的峭度定义难以准确度量实际反射系数序列的非高斯性.与传统的峭度不同,K_1峭度能够充分利用概率密度的峰值信息来指示随机变量的非高斯性.因此,本文提出一种基于K_1峭度度量的地震频域反褶积方法,从而能够更加准确地判断反射系数序列的非高斯性.同时引入了定义于频率域上的两参数广义Beta母小波,可以使得本文所提方法能够更好匹配不同地震子波.最后,合成地震数据和鄂尔多斯盆地实际地震数据算例说明:本文所提的方法能够有效的提升低品质地震数据的纵向分辨率,尤其是多个相邻的细小反射系数.井震匹配结果进一步验证了本文所提的方法将原始地震数据的主频从25 Hz提升到35 Hz,有效地识别出多个含气薄储层,从而有利于后续的井位部署优化.Due to the complex and changeable near-surface topography of Ordos Basin,and the seismic absorption effect of seismic wave,the main frequency and vertical resolution of the collected seismic data are low.Frequency domain deconvolution is a key technique to improve the resolution of seismic data in Ordos Basin.Recently,kurtosis is the most commonly used non-Gaussian metric for frequency domain deconvolution.However,the traditional definition of kurtosis is difficult to accurately measure the non-Gaussian property of the actual reflection coefficient series due to its peak and long tail distribution.Different from traditional kurtosis,K_(1) kurtosis can make full use of the peak information of probability density to indicate the non-Gaussian of random variables.Therefore,a seismic deconvolution method based on K_(1) kurtosis measure is proposed in this paper,which can judge the non-Gaussiality of reflection coefficient sequence more accurately.In addition,two-parameter generalized Beta mother wavelet,defined in the frequency domain,is introduced,which can make the proposed method better match different seismic wavelet.Finally,a numerical example of synthetic seismic data and 2D seismic data of Ordos Basin is used to demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively improve the longitudinal resolution of low-quality seismic data,especially for several adjacent small reflection coefficients.Furthermore,the well-to-tie results verify that the proposed method increases the dominant frequency of the original seismic data from 25 Hz to 35 Hz,and effectively identifies multiple gas-bearing thin reservoirs,which is benefit for subsequent optimization of well placement.

关 键 词：高分辨率处理 地震反褶积 峭度 非高斯性 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]