贝-鱼-草生产型湿地沉积物中细菌群落结构特征分析  

Characterization of Bacterial Community Structure in Sediments of Shellfish-fish-grass Productive Wetlands

作　　者：高娜 占明飞 张唤 梁阳阳 方婷[1] 崔凯[1] 卢文轩[1] GAO Na;ZHAN Ming-fei;ZHANG Huan(Fisheries Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province,Hefei,Anhui 230000;Anhui Shuiyun Environmental Protection Co.,Ltd.,Wuhu,Anhui 241000)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院水产研究所水产增养殖安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230000 [2]安徽水韵环保股份有限公司,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第14期58-61,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2022107020008);安徽省农业科学院青年英才计划项目(QNYC-202108);国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-46);安徽省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(皖农科函〔2021〕711号)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究“贝-鱼-草”生产型湿地处理养殖尾水工艺中的细菌群落结构变化特征。[方法]采用Illumina-MiSeq高通量测序技术对湿地不同单元沉积物中的细菌群落结构进行分析。[结果]幼贝高效净化单元和高密度贝类净化单元中的多样性和菌群丰度明显高于其他处理单元。在门水平分类单元上,湿地沉积物中的优势细菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)。冗余分析发现各单元沉积物中的TP含量是影响细菌群落结构的主要环境因子。[结论]湿地中投放的贝类可以减少沉积物中的氮磷营养盐,并且通过贝类的生物扰动作用可以提高沉积物中细菌群落的多样性和丰富度,研究结果为“贝-鱼-草”生产型湿地处理养殖尾水提供了科学依据。[Objective]To study the bacterial community structure in sediments of“shellfish-fish-grass”productive wetlands.[Method]The Illumina-MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the bacterial community structure in sediments of different units.[Result]The diversity and richness of the bacterial community were significantly higher in the unit composed of juvenile shellfish and high-density shellfish purification unit than in the other treatment units.Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi,Acidobacteriota,Actinobacteriota and Bacteroidota were the dominant phylum of the bacterial community in the sediments.Redundancy analysis showed that the main driving factors of the change of bacterial community was the total phosphorus.[Conclusion]The shellfish placed in the wetland can reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the sediment,and the diversity and richness of the bacterial community in the sediment can be improved through the bioturbation of the shellfish,and the results of this study provide a scientific basis for the treatment of aquaculture tailwater in the“shellfish-fish-grass”productive wetlands.

关 键 词：养殖尾水 贝-鱼-草生产型湿地 细菌群落结构 生物扰动作用 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]