极端环境对人类睡眠的影响  

Effects of Extreme Environments on Human Sleep

作　　者：白亚宁 孙晓茹 文巧 吴江[1,2] 邹剑[1,2] 王海洋[1,2] BAI Yaning;SUN Xiaoru;WEN Qiao;WU Jiang;ZOU Jian;WANG Haiyang(Department of Otolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Deep Under Ground Medical Center,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,成都610041 [2]四川大学深地医学中心,成都610041

出　　处：《四川大学学报（医学版）》2024年第4期1034-1043,共10页Journal of Sichuan University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(No.2022NSFSC1298、No.23QYCX0115);成都市科学技术局项目(No.2022-YF05-01274-SN);四川省卫生健康委员会项目(No.21PJ022)资助。

摘　　要：近年来,随着全球人口的激增和资源的大量消耗,人类对极地、太空、深海、深地、高原等极端环境的探索活动变得日益频繁。这种对外界环境的深度探索,以及随之而来的生活方式巨大变化,对人类的基本生命活动——睡眠,产生了不容忽视的影响。睡眠作为生物体为适应环境而进化出的基本生命活动,它与睡眠稳态和内源性节律紧密相关。然而,极端环境下的外界环境变化和生活方式的转变,对人类的睡眠模式和质量造成了显著的影响。这种影响可进一步导致多种生理和心理问题,对人类健康构成巨大的威胁。本文将深入探讨不同极端自然环境和生活环境对睡眠的具体影响,包括这些环境如何改变人的睡眠模式和质量。同时,我们还将总结极端环境下人类睡眠的变化,以期更深入地理解这些特定环境对人类睡眠影响的机制。通过这些研究,我们希望能够为优化极端环境下的长期生存策略提供坚实的理论基础,帮助人类更好地适应和克服极端环境带来的挑战。Recently,with the rapid growth of the global population and the exhaustion of resources,exploration activities in extreme environments such as the polar regions,the outer space,the deep sea,the deep underground and highlands are becoming increasingly more frequent.This in-depth exploration of the external environment and the consequent dramatic changes in lifestyles impact on sleep,a basic life activity of humans,in ways that cannot be overlooked.the basic life activity of human beings.Sleep,a basic life activity and the result of the evolution of organisms to adapt to their environment,is closely associated with sleep homeostasis and endogenous rhythms.However,external environmental changes and lifestyle shifts in extreme environments have had a significant impact on the patterns and the quality of sleep in humans.Furthermore,this impact can lead to many physiological and psychological problems,posing a great threat to human health.In this review,we delved into the specific effects of different extreme natural environments and enclosed environments on sleep,elaborating on how these environments alter the patterns and the quality of sleep in humans.In addition,we summarized the changes in human sleep under extreme environments to help gain a better understanding of the mechanisms by which these specific environments impact human sleep.It is expected that this review will provide a solid theoretical foundation for optimizing long-term survival strategies in extreme environments and help humans adapt to and overcome the challenges posed by extreme environments more effectively.

关 键 词：极端环境 睡眠 生物节律 影响因素 干预措施 

分 类 号：R740[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]