再论华生实验被试小阿尔伯特身份之争:兼谈对中国现代心理学史研究的启发  

Revisiting the Dispute over the Identity of Albert in Watson’s Experiment:Inspiration for the Study of the History of Modern Psychology in China

作　　者：李艳丽[1] 林玉娇 阎书昌[2] LI Yanlil;LIN Yujiao;YAN Shuchang(Department of Preschool Education,Shi jiazhuang Preschool Teachers College,Shi jiazhuang 050024,China;Department of Psychology,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄幼儿师范高等专科学校学前教育系,石家庄050228 [2]河北师范大学心理学系,石家庄050024

出　　处：《心理技术与应用》2024年第8期504-512,共9页Psychology(Techniques and Applications)

基　　金：河北师范大学人文社会科学研究基金资助(S20B024)。

摘　　要：心理学家John Waston的小阿尔伯特实验研究在心理学史上占据重要地位,关于小阿尔伯特的身份确认也成为心理学界的一大历史谜团。自2009年Hall Beck等提出小阿尔伯特是梅里特以来,质疑之声不断,众说纷纭。2014年Nancy Digdon等提出小阿尔伯特是另外一个候选人,即阿尔伯特·巴杰。在Watson小阿尔伯特研究报告发表100周年之际,两个团队再次发表文章对小阿尔伯特的人选展开学术论辩,学术期刊编辑也涉入其中。这场争辩的核心是小阿尔伯特的真实身份,同时涉及Watson是否进行了严重违背道德的实验等诸多问题。小阿尔伯特研究中的“档案狂热”、“殖民史学”及“批判性研究”对于中国现代心理学史研究具有一定启发意义。The Little Albert study,conducted by Watson and Rayner,holds a significant place in the history of psychology.Confirming Little Albert’s true identity has become an important topic of discussion within the psychological community.Since 2009,when Beck et al.conducted research suggesting that Little Albert was Douglas Merritte,doubts have arisen and opinions have varied.In 2014,Digdon et al.proposed another candidate,Albert Barger,as Little Albert.On the centennial anniversary of Watson’s publication of the Little Albert study,both teams engaged in scholarly debates about identifying Little Albert,which were featured in published articles involved academic journal editors.This debate revolves around whether revealing Little Albert’s actual identity raises moral concerns about Watson’s experiment,the subsequent impact on Little Albert’s physical and mental well-being,and the sensationalized reporting of the study’s results.The“archive fever,”“colonial historiography,”and“critical research”aspects of the Little Albert study serve as inspiration for the study of modern Chinese psychological history.

关 键 词：小阿尔伯特 道格拉斯·梅里特 阿尔伯特·巴杰 档案狂热 批判性研究 

分 类 号：B84-09[哲学宗教—基础心理学]