从“依形套式”到“循章衍法”:构形机理导引的历史城镇空间基因整体识别与活态传承  

The Transformation from"Forms and Styles Matching"to"Rules and Regulations Following":The Integrated Identification and Dynamic Inheriting of Spatial Genes in Historic Towns Guided by Configuration Mechanisms

作　　者：肖竞[1] 李和平[1] 蒋洁茹 曹珂 肖文斌 XIAO Jing;LI Heping;JIANG Jieru;CAO Ke;XIAO Wenbin

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院 [2]重庆工商大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《中国名城》2024年第8期22-30,共9页China Ancient City

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究西部和边疆地区项目“川渝地区水码头聚落景观基因识别解译与保护传承”(编号:23XJAZH009);山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室开放课题“基于智能体建模的山地城镇历史街区仿真模拟与数字化保护研究”(编号:LNTCCMA-20240101)。

摘　　要：针对历史城镇空间基因识别、保护实践“有形无态、重式轻法”问题,提出构形机理导引的空间基因整体识别与活态传承方法。以“原型特征+构形机理”的显隐属性和“城镇格局、地块形态、街巷形式、建筑风貌”四重空间尺度为历史城镇空间基因要素解析框架,以“要素特征与结构特征同步提取”和“原型解构到显型建构机理延续”为操作路径,通过川渝地区历史城镇/街区实证研究,提出历史城镇格局结构要素与建构逻辑、地块图底肌理与聚合关系、街巷局域特征与系统节奏、建筑绝对形态与相对尺度同步提取的空间基因整体识别方法,以及城镇格局结构要素保控+基质空间重构、地块空间图底肌理修补+立体形态调节、街巷空间典型断面整饬+系统节奏保持、建筑空间异化风貌矫正+建构传统赓续的空间基因活态传承方法,以促进历史城镇空间基因保护实践从“依形套式”到“循章衍法”的路径转变。This article proposes a method for the overall identification and dynamic inheritance of historic urban/town spatial genes based on the practice bottleneck of"tangible but not stateful,focusing on style but not law"issues.The article uses the explicit and implicit attributes of the"prototype characteristics+configuration mechanism"of historic urban/town spatial genes and the four dimensions of"town pattern,plot texture,street form,and architectural style"as the analytical framework.And the operational path is based on the simultaneous extraction of elemental and structural characteristics and the continuation of the mechanism from prototype deconstruction to explicit construction.Through empirical research on historic towns/districts in Sichuan and Chongqing,this article proposes an overall identification method for the structural elements and construction logic of pattern genes,the texture and aggregation relationship of plot genes,the local characteristics and system rhythm of street genes,the absolute form and relative scale of architectural genes,the preservation and control of urban/town pattern structural elements and reconstruction of matrix space,the repair of plot texture and adjustment of three-dimensional form,the consolidation of street space typical sections and maintenance of system rhythm,and the correction of alienation architectural space and continuous of construction traditions as dynamic inheriting methods.The exploration above is for promoting the transformation of historic urban/town spatial gene protection and inheritance practices from"forms and styles matching"to"rules and regulations following".

关 键 词：历史城镇 空间基因 构形机理 整体识别 活态传承 川渝地区 传统聚落 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]