抗香蕉枯萎病菌菌株F2-14的鉴定及其抑菌机制初探  

Identification of strain F2-14 resistant to banana wilt pathogen and preliminary study of its bacteriostasis mechanism

作　　者：尹明会 张天祥 刘毅杰 臧小平 井涛[1] 赵维峰[2] 云天艳 YIN Minghui;ZHANG Tianxiang;LIU Yijie;ZANG Xiaoping;JING Tao;ZHAO Weifeng;YUN Tianyan(Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 665099,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海口571101 [2]云南农业大学,昆明665099

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第4期61-70,共10页South China Fruits

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(321QN0913、322RC795321)资助。

摘　　要：香蕉枯萎病已严重威胁全球香蕉产业发展,生物防治是防控香蕉枯萎病的重要途径之一。本研究筛选香蕉土壤中的拮抗香蕉枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense tropical race 4,Foc TR4)活性细菌,得到1株具有高拮抗活性的菌株F2-14。采用生理生化特性、形态特征和基因组ANI值分析鉴定该菌株,并进行其生物信息学分析,利用antiSMASH预测其次级代谢产物合成基因簇,与CAZy等数据库进行比对分析;并进行其抑菌物质粗提及其抑菌机制研究。结果表明,菌株F2-14鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌Bacillus velezensis。其基因组中具有产生几丁质酶、葡聚糖酶、蛋白酶等的基因,还含有编码杆菌溶素、儿茶酚型嗜铁素、丰原素、表面活性肽等7种抗菌活性的基因簇。菌株F2-14具有广谱抗真菌活性,能够平板抑制辣椒炭疽病菌Colletotrichum acutatum等15种病原真菌菌丝生长,且能通过产生次级代谢物致使Foc TR4病菌的细胞壁破裂和细胞膜受损,从而抑制Foc TR4病菌生长。说明贝莱斯芽孢杆菌菌株F2-14在植物病害防控方面有着较好的应用潜力。Fusarium wilt of banana(FWB)is a serious threat to the development of the global banana industry.Biological control is one of the important ways to control the FWB.A strain F2-14 with high antagonistic activity was obtained by screening the antagonistic active bacteria against FWB.Using morphological,biochemical characteristics and ANI value,the strain F2-14 was identified and bioinformatically analyzed.Gene clusters for synthesis of secondary metabolites were predicted by antiSMASH,and compared with CAZy database.Its bacteriostatic substances were preliminary extracted and bacteriostatic mechanism was studied.The results showed that the strain F2-14 was identified as Bacillus velezensis.There were genes encoding enzymes like chitinase,glucanase,and protease,also seven antibiotic gene clusters encoding bacilysin,bacillibactin,fengycin and surfactin,in strain F2-14 genome.Strain F2-14 showed a broad-spectrum antifungal activity.It could inhibit the growth of mycelium of 15 fungal pathogens such as Colletotrichum acutatum,and can produce secondary metabolites to cause cell wall rupture and cell membrane damage of Foc TR4,inhibiting the growth of Foc TR4.In conclusion,Bacillus velezensis F2-14 has great potential for application in plant disease control.

关 键 词：香蕉枯萎病 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌Bacillus velezensis 生物防治 抑菌机制 基因簇 次级代谢产物 

分 类 号：S436.68[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]