山地果园固定式管道自动喷雾系统设计、调试与成本分析  

Design,adjusting,and cost analysis of a fixed pipeline automatic spraying system for mountain orchards

作　　者：王东平 闫震[2] WANG Dongping;YAN Zhen(College of Economics and Management,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei,071001,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei,071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学经济管理学院,河北保定071001 [2]河北农业大学机电工程学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第4期198-203,209,共7页South China Fruits

基　　金：河北省社科基金项目(HB21YJ049)资助。

摘　　要：针对山地果园复杂地形造成的果树施药不便问题,设计了固定式管道自动喷雾系统,并进行实地试验和经济效益研究。结果表明:(1)固定式管道自动喷雾系统在药液配比模块、压力监控模块和喷雾管道模块协作作用下可实现顺序喷雾和精准喷雾,在1.2 MPa压力、20 s持续喷雾时间下喷雾效果最佳,树冠叶面的农药附着率至少为74.07%,且雾滴数量不少于25个/cm^(2),符合喷雾有效性评估标准;(2)尽管该系统的初始设备购买费用和维修费用较高,但工作效率优势突出,较无人机、风送式喷雾机和背负式喷雾器分别高28、26和50.3 hm^(2)/d,且在作业面积超过125 hm^(2)时其平均成本最低,成本优势得到凸现。Addressing the difficulties in applying pesticides in mountain orchards,a fixed pipeline automatic spray system was designed,and field tests and economic benefit analysis were conducted.The results show that:(1)Under the coordinated action of the liquid ratio module,pressure monitoring module,and spraying pipeline module,the fixed pipeline automatic spraying system achieved sequential and precise spraying.The optimal spraying effect was observed at 1.2 MPa pressure and 20 seconds of continuous spraying,with a minimum pesticide adhesion rate of 74.07%on the canopy surface and a minimum of 25 droplets per square centimeter,meeting the criteria for effective spraying assessment.(2)Despite higher initial equipment purchase and maintenance costs,the system demonstrated outstanding operational efficiency,surpassing unmanned aerial vehicles,wind-driven sprayers,and backpack sprayers by 28%,26%,and 50.3 hectares per day,respectively.The average cost was lowest when the operational area exceeded 125 hectares,highlighting its cost-effectiveness advantage.

关 键 词：山地果园 固定式管道自动喷雾系统 喷雾试验 成本优势 

分 类 号：S491[农业科学—植物保护]