内质网应激在妊娠期糖尿病中的作用及生物活性成分防治的研究进展  

Preventive and intervention effect of bioactive compounds on gestational diabetes mellitus based on endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway

作　　者：胡楠楠 赵成奥 高芹 翟庆峰 HU Nannan;ZHAO Chengao;GAO Qin;ZHAI Qingfeng(Department of Public Health,Shandong Second Medical University,Weifang 261053,China;Department of Public Health,Jining Medical University,Jining 272113,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第二医科大学公共卫生学院,山东潍坊261053 [2]济宁医学院公共卫生学院,山东济宁272113

出　　处：《中国病理生理杂志》2024年第7期1316-1323,共8页Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.82204031);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(No.ZR2021QH188);济宁医学院贺林院士新医学临床转化工作站科研基金资助项目(No.JYHL2022MS13)。

摘　　要：妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)全球患病率约为13.4%,且呈逐年上升趋势。然而,GDM发病机制尚不明确,普遍认为胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)和胰岛β细胞损伤是其关键病理机制。内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress,ERS)通过内质网跨膜蛋白IRE1α、PERK和ATF6介导3条经典的未折叠蛋白响应通路参与脂肪、肝脏、骨骼肌和胎盘等组织的IR,通过细胞凋亡、焦亡和自噬介导β细胞损伤,因此ERS可能会成为防治GDM的潜在靶点。该综述探讨了ERS在GDM的IR和β细胞功能障碍的作用,并阐述了生物活性物质基于ERS途径对GDM的防治作用。The global prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is approximately 13.4%and is expected to increase annually.However,the precise mechanism behind GDM remains to be established.Increasing evidence suggests that insulin resistance(IR)andβ-cell impairment are key factors in the pathogenesis of GDM.Endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)is characterized by the activation of the unfolded protein response through three key endoplasmic reticulum transmembrane proteins:protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK),inositolrequiring enzyme 1α(IRE1α),and activating transcription factor 6(ATF6).ERS is implicated in IR in adipose tissue,liver,skeletal muscle,and placenta,and also plays a crucial role inβ-cell impairment through processes such as apoptosis,pyroptosis,and autophagy.Therefore,targeting ERS could be a potential therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of GDM.This review explores the potential role of ERS in IR andβ-cell dysfunction in GDM,and provides evidence for the preventive and intervention effects of bioactive compounds on GDM based on the ERS pathway.This aims to enhance our understanding of the molecular pathological basis of GDM and offer new strategies for its prevention and treatment.

关 键 词：妊娠期糖尿病 内质网应激 胰岛素抵抗 Β细胞损伤 生物活性成分 

分 类 号：R714.2[医药卫生—妇产科学] R587.1[医药卫生—临床医学] R363