赤霉素对葡萄花序拉长及果实品质的影响  

The Effect of Gibberellin on Grape Inflorescence Elongation and Fruit Quality

作　　者：刘瑶 张娜[2] 张鹤[2] 程有普 黄建全[2] LIU Yao;ZHANG Na;ZHANG He;CHENG Youpu;HUANG Jianquan(School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Institute of Forestry and Fruit Trees,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院园艺园林学院,天津300384 [2]天津市农业科学院林业果树研究所,天津300384

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2024年第6期21-26,共6页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系天津综合试验站(CARS-29-2);天津市农业科学院财政种业创新研究项目(2022ZYCX014);天津市农业科学院青年科技创新项目(2021002)。

摘　　要：为探究不同浓度的赤霉素(GA_(3))对葡萄花序拉长及果实品质的影响,以4年生津郁、MH2和MZ3植株为试材,于花前5 d用不同浓度的GA_(3)浸蘸整个花序。结果表明,津郁、MH2和MZ3葡萄小花轴间距长度随着GA_(3)浓度的升高呈抛物线状变化。不同浓度的GA_(3)处理均可以使葡萄花序及果穗伸长,不同品种适宜的处理浓度不同。GA_(3)浓度为8 mg·L^(-1)时,津郁和MZ3果穗长度最长;GA_(3)浓度为4 mg·L^(-1)时,MH2果穗长度最长。不同浓度的GA_(3)处理均降低了葡萄可溶性固形物含量,对可滴定酸含量影响不大,津郁葡萄VC含量显著降低,MH2葡萄VC含量变化不大,MZ3葡萄VC含量显著增加。综上所述,结合安全生产原则及各项果实品质等综合因素,津郁花序拉长处理适宜的GA_(3)浓度范围为6~8 mg·L^(-1),MH2花序拉长处理适宜的GA_(3)浓度范围为4~6 mg·L^(-1),MZ3花序拉长处理适宜的GA_(3)浓度范围为6~8 mg·L^(-1)。In order to investigate the effects of different concentrations of gibberellin(GA_(3))on the elongation of grape inflorescences and fruit quality,experiments were conducted using the simple past tense and passive voice.The investigation into the effects of different concentrations of gibberellin(GA_(3))on the elongation of grape inflorescences and fruit quality involved using 4-year-old Jinyu,MH2,and MZ3 plants as test materials.The entire inflorescence was immersed in GA_(3) at various concentrations 5 days before flowering,with experiments conducted in the simple past tense and in the passive voice.The results showed that the length of the small flower axis intervals in the grape cultivars Jinyu,MH2,and MZ3 was observed to change in a parabolic manner as the concentration of GA_(3) increased.Gibberellin treatments at different concentrations were found to elongate both the grape inflorescences and the fruit clusters,with the optimal treatment concentration varying by variety.The longest cluster length for Jinyu and MZ3 was achieved with a GA_(3) concentration of 8 mg·L^(-1),while for MH2,the longest cluster length was obtained with a GA_(3) concentration of 4 mg·L^(-1).Treatments with different concentrations of GA_(3) consistently reduced the soluble solid content of the grapes,with little impact on the titratable acid content.The vitamin C(VC)content significantly decreased in Jinyu grapes,showed no significant change in MH2 grapes,and significantly increased in MZ3 grapes.In conclusion,incorporating the principles of safe production and considering various factors related to fruit quality,it is determined that the optimal GA_(3) concentration for elongating the inflorescences of Jinyu grapes ranges from 6 to 8 mg·L^(-1).For MH2 grapes,the suitable GA_(3) concentration range is established to be between 4 and 6 mg·L^(-1),and for MZ3 grapes,the appropriate GA_(3) concentration for inflorescence elongation is also set between 6 and 8 mg·L^(-1).

关 键 词：赤霉素 花序拉长 葡萄 津郁 MH2 MZ3 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]